Feng Zhi-Hua, Wang Quan-Chu, Nie Qing-He, Jia Zhan-Sheng, Zhou Yong-Xin
The Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Infectious Diseases of PLA, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Apr 1;10(7):925-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i7.925.
DC-SIGN, a dendritic Cell-specific adhesion receptor and a type II transmembrane mannose-binding C-type lectin, is very important in the function of DC, both in mediating naive T cell interactions through ICAM-3 and as a rolling receptor that mediates the DC-specific ICAM-2-dependent migration processes. It can be used by viral and bacterial pathogens including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), HCV, Ebola Virus, CMV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis to facilitate infection. Both DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR can act either in cis, by concentrating virus on target cells, or in trans, by transmission of bound virus to a target cell expressing appropriate entry receptors. Recent work showed that DC-SIGN are high-affinity binding receptors for HCV. Besides playing a role in entry into DC, HCV E2 interaction with DC-SIGN might also be detrimental for the interaction of DC with T cells during antigen presentation. The clinical strategies that target DC-SIGN may be successful in restricting HCV dissemination and pathogenesis as well as directing the migration of DCs to manipulate appropriate immune responses in autoimmunity and tumorigenic situations.
DC-SIGN是一种树突状细胞特异性粘附受体，属于II型跨膜甘露糖结合C型凝集素，在树突状细胞的功能中非常重要，它既能通过细胞间粘附分子-3（ICAM-3）介导初始T细胞相互作用，又作为一种滚动受体介导树突状细胞特异性的依赖ICAM-2的迁移过程。包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、埃博拉病毒、巨细胞病毒（CMV）和结核分枝杆菌在内的病毒和细菌病原体都可利用它来促进感染。DC-SIGN和DC-SIGNR既可以通过将病毒聚集在靶细胞上以顺式方式发挥作用，也可以通过将结合的病毒传递给表达适当进入受体的靶细胞以反式方式发挥作用。最近的研究表明，DC-SIGN是HCV的高亲和力结合受体。HCV E2与DC-SIGN的相互作用除了在进入树突状细胞中起作用外，在抗原呈递过程中可能也不利于树突状细胞与T细胞的相互作用。靶向DC-SIGN的临床策略可能在限制HCV传播和发病机制以及引导树突状细胞迁移以在自身免疫和致瘤情况下操纵适当的免疫反应方面取得成功。
