Gömann H, Kreins P, Møller C
Research Association for Agricultural Policy and Rural Sociology (FAA), Ferdinand-Lassalle-Str. 1, 53175 Bonn, Germany. faabonn#
Water Sci Technol. 2004;49(3):81-90.
Among the numerous non-point sources of diffuse water pollution with nitrogen, agriculture is counted one of the main sources. The agricultural policies of the Agenda 2000 and a decoupling of direct payments for farmers from their production decisions are exemplarily evaluated as nitrogen reduction measures using the Regional Agricultural and Environmental Information System RAUMIS. The results show that until the target year 2010 the risk of diffuse pollution of water bodies with nitrogen is a regional problem in Germany. These problems are neither mitigated by the policies of Agenda 2000 nor by a decoupling of direct payments from production decisions of farmers. While total nitrogen surplus reduces considerably after a decoupling of direct payments due to decreases of land-use the nitrogen surplus on the remaining cultivated area increases resulting from structural changes. Granting the same amount of direct payments to farmers in both policy alternatives the agricultural sector income would be higher after a decoupling of direct payments opposed to the Agenda 2000 resulting from a more efficient allocation of inputs.
在众多氮素造成的面源分散水污染中，农业被视为主要污染源之一。利用区域农业与环境信息系统RAUMIS，对《2000年议程》的农业政策以及农民直接补贴与生产决策脱钩的情况进行了典型评估，将其作为氮减排措施。结果表明，到目标年份2010年，水体受氮素面源污染的风险在德国是一个区域性问题。《2000年议程》的政策以及农民直接补贴与生产决策脱钩均未缓解这些问题。虽然直接补贴脱钩后，由于土地利用减少，总氮盈余大幅降低，但由于结构变化，剩余耕地上的氮盈余增加。在两种政策选择下给予农民相同数额的直接补贴，直接补贴脱钩后农业部门的收入将高于《2000年议程》，这是由于投入分配更有效。
