Hyde Janet Shibley, Else-Quest Nicole M, Goldsmith H H, Biesanz Jeremy C
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Child Dev. 2004 Mar-Apr;75(2):580-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00694.x.
Numerous studies have been conducted on the impact of dual-earner parents' employment on their children, yet the reverse process-the impact of children and their behavior on the work functioning of their parents-has been ignored. This study investigated spillover from the mother role to the work role in a sample of more than 300 families. At 4 months, 12 months, 3.5 years, and 4.5 years of age, child's difficult temperament was significantly associated with mother's work outcomes, including work role quality and rewards from combining work and family. The evidence was consistent with a structural model in which maternal sense of parenting competence and maternal depressed affect mediated these effects.
众多研究围绕双职工父母的就业对其子女的影响展开，但反向过程——子女及其行为对父母工作职能的影响——却被忽视了。本研究在300多个家庭的样本中调查了从母亲角色到工作角色的溢出效应。在孩子4个月、12个月、3.5岁和4.5岁时，孩子的难养型气质与母亲的工作成果显著相关，包括工作角色质量以及工作与家庭兼顾带来的回报。证据与一个结构模型相符，在该模型中，母亲的育儿能力感和母亲的抑郁情绪介导了这些影响。
