Dale Emily, Jahoda Andrew, Knott Fiona
University of Glasgow, UK.
Autism. 2006 Sep;10(5):463-79. doi: 10.1177/1362361306066600.
Although the impact of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) on the family is well recognized, the way mothers attempt to make sense of the diagnosis is largely unexplored. However, in other disabilities, attributions have been shown to predict a variety of outcomes including maternal wellbeing and engagement in treatment. Using Weiner's (1985) three-dimensional model, 16 mothers were interviewed to examine the nature and impact of their beliefs about their child's ASD using semi-structured interviews and measures of depression, parenting stress and expectations for their child's future. The findings suggested that mothers made a diverse and complex range of attributions that were consistent with Weiner's dimensions of locus of cause, stability and controllability. The nature of their attributions reflected particular difficulties associated with ASDs, such as uncertainties regarding cause and prognosis. Taking account of mothers' search for meaning will better enable professionals to support families following diagnosis.
尽管自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)对家庭的影响已得到充分认识,但母亲们试图理解这一诊断结果的方式在很大程度上尚未得到探索。然而,在其他残疾情况中,归因已被证明可以预测包括母亲幸福感和参与治疗在内的各种结果。运用韦纳(1985年)的三维模型,通过半结构化访谈以及抑郁、育儿压力和对孩子未来期望的测量,对16位母亲进行了访谈,以研究她们对孩子自闭症信念的本质和影响。研究结果表明,母亲们做出了多样且复杂的归因,这些归因与韦纳的因果位置、稳定性和可控性维度相一致。她们归因的本质反映了与自闭症相关的特殊困难,比如病因和预后的不确定性。考虑到母亲们对意义的探寻,将能更好地使专业人员在诊断后为家庭提供支持。