Budge H, Edwards L J, McMillen I C, Bryce A, Warnes K, Pearce S, Stephenson T, Symonds M E
Academic Division of Child Health, School of Human Development, University Hospital, Nottingham, NG7 2UH United Kingdom.
Biol Reprod. 2004 Jul;71(1):359-65. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.018986. Epub 2004 Mar 31.
A range of epidemiological and experimental studies have indicated that suboptimal nutrition at different stages of gestation is associated with an increased prevalence of adult hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. The timing of prenatal nutrient restriction is important in determining postnatal outcomes-including obesity. The present study, aimed to determine the extent to which fetal adiposity and expression of the key thermogenic protein, uncoupling protein (UCP)1, are altered by restriction of maternal nutrient intake imposed during four different periods, starting from before conception. Maternal nutrient intake was restricted from 60 days before until 8 days after mating (periconceptional nutrient restriction; R-C), from 60 days before mating and throughout gestation (R-R), from 8 days gestation until term (C-R), or from 115 days gestation until term. Fetal perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) was sampled near to term at approximately 143 days. UCP1 mRNA, but not protein, abundance in PAT was increased in fetuses in the R-R group (C-C 63 +/- 18; R-C 83 +/- 43; C-R 103 +/- 38; R-R 167 +/- 50 arbitrary units (P < 0.05)). In contrast, the abundance of UCP1 mRNA, but not protein, in fetal PAT was decreased when maternal nutrition was restricted from 115 days gestation. The major effect of maternal nutrient restriction on adipose tissue deposition occurred in the C-R group, in which the proportion of fetal fat was doubled, whereas maternal nutrient restriction from 115 days gestation reduced fetal fat deposition. In conclusion, there are differential effects of maternal and therefore fetal nutrient restriction on UCP1 mRNA expression and fetal fat mass and these effects are dependent on the timing and duration of nutrient restriction.
一系列流行病学和实验研究表明，孕期不同阶段营养摄入不足与成人高血压、心血管疾病和肥胖症的患病率增加有关。产前营养限制的时机对于确定产后结局（包括肥胖症）很重要。本研究旨在确定从受孕前开始的四个不同时期实施的母体营养摄入限制对胎儿肥胖和关键产热蛋白解偶联蛋白（UCP）1表达的改变程度。母体营养摄入从交配前60天到交配后8天受到限制（围孕期营养限制；R-C），从交配前60天到整个孕期（R-R），从妊娠8天到足月（C-R），或从妊娠115天到足月。在大约143天接近足月时采集胎儿肾周脂肪组织（PAT）。R-R组胎儿PAT中UCP1 mRNA（而非蛋白质）丰度增加（C-C组63±18；R-C组83±43；C-R组103±38；R-R组167±50任意单位（P<0.05））。相反，当从妊娠115天开始限制母体营养时，胎儿PAT中UCP1 mRNA（而非蛋白质）丰度降低。母体营养限制对脂肪组织沉积的主要影响发生在C-R组，其中胎儿脂肪比例增加了一倍，而从妊娠115天开始的母体营养限制减少了胎儿脂肪沉积。总之，母体以及因此胎儿的营养限制对UCP1 mRNA表达和胎儿脂肪量有不同影响，且这些影响取决于营养限制的时机和持续时间。
