Doligalska Maria, Donskow Katarzyna
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology Miecznikowa 1 str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
Acta Microbiol Pol. 2003;52 Suppl:45-56.
The number of parasites increased followed the rapid growing of human population on the Earth. Zoonoses with other medical disorders such allergy accompanied to the parasitic infection are under very carefull investigation. A zoonosis can be transmitted from animals to humans in various ways, depending on life cycle of parasite, the kind of hosts and geographical distribution of species. There are many diseases that can be linked to transmission from not only domestic but also from wild animals (for example Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxocara, Anisakis). The greater abundance of wild animals may contribute to the wider distribution and increasing prevalence of their parasites (red fox for Echinococcus multilocularis or Trichinella britovi). Zoonotic infections can be transmissed directly from environment when infective stages of parasite contamine water or food. Very important source of zoonoses in humans comes also from foodstuffs of animal origin. Environmental contamination with helminth infective stages needs regular indication for recognition of parasitic species under molecular data and improvement of effective measures to prevent of human zoonotic diseases.
随着地球上人口的快速增长,寄生虫的数量也随之增加。与寄生虫感染相伴的人畜共患病以及其他如过敏等医学病症正在接受非常仔细的调查。人畜共患病可以通过多种方式从动物传播给人类,这取决于寄生虫的生命周期、宿主种类和物种的地理分布。有许多疾病不仅可以与来自家畜的传播有关,也与来自野生动物的传播有关(例如旋毛虫、棘球绦虫、弓首蛔虫、异尖线虫)。野生动物数量的增加可能导致其寄生虫分布更广、患病率上升(如多房棘球绦虫或布氏旋毛虫的红狐宿主)。当寄生虫的感染阶段污染水或食物时,人畜共患病感染可以直接从环境中传播。人类人畜共患病的一个非常重要的来源也来自动物源性食品。对蠕虫感染阶段的环境污染需要定期进行检测,以便在分子数据下识别寄生虫种类,并改进预防人类人畜共患病的有效措施。