Siński Edward
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology, Miecznikowa 1 str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
Acta Microbiol Pol. 2003;52 Suppl:97-107.
In the present paper some aspects of the biology and various factors influencing the potential for environmental contamination with protozoan parasites infective stages implicated in water and foodborne diseases are described. The major protozoan species that affect humans are Entamoeba histolytica, Acanthamoeba sp., Neagleria sp. Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Toxoplasma gondii, Isospora/Sarcocystis sp. Encephalitozoom intestinals and Enterocytozoon bieneuisi. These parasites exist in the environment as oocyst, cysts or spores, which are the transmissive stages in many environmental conditions, e.g. water, soil, food as well as being infective stages to subsequent generation of hosts. Global concern with parasitic contamination of our environment must influence development of better detection methods and of evaluation and risk assessment of these infections. In this paper, the biology, waterborne and foodborne transmission, as well as methods for detection and control of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia intestinals and Toxoplasma gondii will be described.
本文描述了生物学的一些方面以及各种影响原生动物寄生虫感染阶段对水和食源性疾病造成环境污染可能性的因素。影响人类的主要原生动物物种有溶组织内阿米巴、棘阿米巴属、耐格里属、肠贾第虫、微小隐孢子虫、卡耶塔环孢子球虫、刚地弓形虫、等孢球虫/肉孢子虫属、肠道脑炎微孢子虫和比氏肠胞微孢子虫。这些寄生虫在环境中以卵囊、包囊或孢子的形式存在，在许多环境条件下，如在水、土壤、食物中，它们是传播阶段，同时也是后续宿主一代的感染阶段。全球对我们环境中寄生虫污染的关注必然会影响更好的检测方法以及这些感染的评估和风险评估的发展。本文将描述微小隐孢子虫、肠贾第虫和刚地弓形虫的生物学特性、水传播和食源性传播，以及检测和控制方法。
