Hurt Peter, Walter Lutz, Sudbrak Ralf, Klages Sven, Müller Ines, Shiina Takashi, Inoko Hidetoshi, Lehrach Hans, Günther Eberhard, Reinhardt Richard, Himmelbauer Heinz
Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Genetik, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem, Germany.
Genome Res. 2004 Apr;14(4):631-9. doi: 10.1101/gr.1987704.
We have determined the sequence of a 4-Mb interval on rat chromosome 20p12 that encompasses the rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC). This is the first report of a finished sequence for a segment of the rat genome and constitutes one of the largest contiguous sequences thus far for rodent genomes in general. The rat MHC is, next to the human MHC, the second mammalian MHC sequenced to completion. Our analysis has resulted in the identification of at least 220 genes located within the sequenced interval. Although gene content and order are well conserved in the class II and class III gene intervals as well as the framework gene regions, profound rat-specific features were encountered within the class I gene regions, in comparison to human and mouse. Class I region-associated differences were found both at the structural level, the number, and organization of class I genes and gene families, and, in a more global context, in the way that evolution worked to shape the present-day rat MHC.
我们已经确定了大鼠20号染色体p12上一个4兆碱基区间的序列，该区间包含大鼠主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）。这是大鼠基因组片段完整序列的首次报道，总体上构成了迄今为止啮齿动物基因组中最大的连续序列之一。大鼠MHC是继人类MHC之后第二个完成测序的哺乳动物MHC。我们的分析已鉴定出位于测序区间内的至少220个基因。尽管II类和III类基因区间以及框架基因区域中的基因内容和顺序保存良好，但与人类和小鼠相比，在I类基因区域中遇到了深刻的大鼠特异性特征。在结构水平、I类基因和基因家族的数量及组织方面都发现了与I类区域相关的差异，并且在更宏观的背景下，在进化塑造当今大鼠MHC的方式上也存在差异。
