Brevig Trine, Arnestad Marianne, Mørland Jørg, Skullerud Kari, Rognum Torleiv Ole
Patologisk anatomisk avdeling, Ullevål universitetssykehus, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Apr 1;124(7):916-9.
A large proportion of fatal car accidents cannot be explained by traffic environment, technical defects or risk-taking behaviour. Driver impairment from disease, alcohol, drugs or suicidal impulses may be involved.
Autopsy protocols from 167 car drivers involved in traffic accidents in Southeast Norway 1994-99 were reviewed retrospectively.
In 89 of 135 deaths caused by trauma, there were no apparent explanations for the accident prior to autopsy. No differences were found with regard to signs of disease between drivers involved in unexplained and explained accidents. Drivers dead from trauma compared to drivers dead from natural causes had less often ischemic heart disease (p < 0.01). Blood alcohol level was above the statutory limit in 20% of drivers in both unexplained and explained accidents, and drugs were found in the blood in 27% of such cases. Only 13% of drivers in explained accidents collided with large motor vehicles, compared to 44% of the unexplained accidents.
Drivers with fatal injuries sustained in unexplained accidents seldom show signs of cardiac disease that could have contributed to the accident. It seems that such unexplained accidents are more often due to driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, or to possible suicidal impulses.
很大一部分致命车祸无法用交通环境、技术缺陷或冒险行为来解释。可能涉及因疾病、酒精、药物或自杀冲动导致的驾驶员身体机能受损。
回顾性分析了1994 - 1999年挪威东南部167名交通事故汽车驾驶员的尸检报告。
在135例因创伤死亡的案例中，有89例在尸检前事故原因不明。在原因不明和原因明确的事故中，驾驶员的疾病迹象没有差异。与自然死亡的驾驶员相比，因创伤死亡的驾驶员患缺血性心脏病的情况较少（p < 0.01）。在原因不明和原因明确的事故中，均有20%的驾驶员血液酒精含量超过法定限值，27%的此类案例在血液中检测出药物。在原因明确的事故中，只有13%的驾驶员与大型机动车相撞，而在原因不明的事故中这一比例为44%。
在原因不明的事故中受致命伤的驾驶员很少表现出可能导致事故的心脏病迹象。此类原因不明的事故似乎更多是由于酒精或药物影响下驾驶，或可能存在自杀冲动。
