Agarwal D K, Awasthy A, Upadhyay S K, Singh P, Kumar J, Agarwal K N
Department of Pediatrics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
Indian Pediatr. 1992 Apr;29(4):467-80.
In a rural cohort of 625 children registered from 1981 to 1983 in 10 villages of K.V. Block, Varanasi, 196 children were assessed for physical growth, development, intelligence and concept development between 1 and 3 years of age. Home environment was also assessed using Caldwell Home inventory. These rural children remained below 3rd centile of NCHS standard for weight, height, skull and mid-arm circumferences throughout the study. Malnourished children scored poorly in all the areas of development, i.e., motor, adaptive, language and personal social, 9% in Grade I and 16.6% children in Grade II + III had IQ less than 79 (inferior). Concept for color shape and size was poorly developed in malnourished children. Maternal involvement and stimulation was strongly associated with better behavior development and intelligence. Multiple regression analysis showed that the effect of home environment on development and intelligence was of a higher magnitude as compared to status and family variables and nutritional status during 1-3 years of age.
在瓦拉纳西K.V.街区10个村庄于1981年至1983年登记的625名农村儿童队列中，对196名1至3岁儿童的身体生长、发育、智力和概念发展进行了评估。还使用考德威尔家庭量表对家庭环境进行了评估。在整个研究过程中，这些农村儿童的体重、身高、头围和上臂围均低于美国国家卫生统计中心标准的第3百分位。营养不良的儿童在所有发育领域，即运动、适应、语言和个人社交方面得分都很低，一年级中有9%的儿童以及二年级和三年级中有16.6%的儿童智商低于79（智力低下）。营养不良儿童对颜色、形状和大小的概念发展较差。母亲的参与和激励与更好的行为发展和智力密切相关。多元回归分析表明，与1至3岁期间的社会地位、家庭变量和营养状况相比，家庭环境对发育和智力的影响更大。
