成人注意力缺陷/多动障碍的兴奋剂治疗

Stimulant treatment of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

作者信息

Spencer Thomas, Biederman Joseph, Wilens Timothy

机构信息

Pediatric Psychopharmacology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

出版信息

Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2004 Jun;27(2):361-72. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2003.12.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.psc.2003.12.002

PMID:15064002

Abstract

Though only recently recognized as a valid disorder in adults, the clinical picture of adult ADHD is highly reminiscent of childhood ADHD,with continued associated occupational failure and academic deficits. Similarly, many adults with ADHD suffer from antisocial, depressive, and anxiety disorders. Recent work clearly documents that when therapeutic doses of MPH and amphetamine treatment are used in the treatment of adults with ADHD, they can lead to a robust clinical response that is highly consistent with that observed in pediatric studies using equipotent daily doses. As in childhood ADHD, medication remains a key component of treatment for adults with ADHD. More studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stimulants over the long-term and their impact on quality of life.

摘要

尽管成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）直到最近才被确认为一种有效的成人疾病，但其临床表现与儿童ADHD极为相似，持续存在职业失败和学业缺陷等相关问题。同样，许多患有ADHD的成年人还患有反社会、抑郁和焦虑症。最近的研究清楚地表明，当使用治疗剂量的哌甲酯（MPH）和苯丙胺治疗成人ADHD时，会产生强烈的临床反应，这与使用等效日剂量的儿科研究中观察到的情况高度一致。与儿童ADHD一样，药物治疗仍然是成人ADHD治疗的关键组成部分。需要更多的研究来评估兴奋剂的长期疗效和安全性及其对生活质量的影响。