Coward R S, Poliakoff E, O'Boyle D J, Lowe C
Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Coupland Street, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.
Exp Brain Res. 2004 Mar;155(1):124-8. doi: 10.1007/s00221-003-1803-z. Epub 2004 Jan 17.
Inhibition of return (IOR) refers to slowed responses to targets presented at the same location as a preceding stimulus. IOR is typically investigated using a cue-target design, in which subjects respond only to the second stimulus of a pair. In such tasks, the measurement of 'true' IOR may be confounded by the effect of non-ocular response inhibition, because the participant must suppress any tendency to respond (e.g. key press) to the first stimulus. This confound may be eliminated using a target-target design, in which responses are made to both stimuli. We assessed the contribution of non-ocular response inhibition to visual IOR, measured in a cue-target task, by testing participants on both cue-target and target-target detection tasks, with identical timings and stimuli. Significant IOR was obtained in both tasks but, at a stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) of 1400 ms, IOR magnitude was significantly greater in the cue-target condition than in the target-target condition. However, at an SOA of 1800 ms, there was no significant difference in the magnitude of IOR between the two tasks. Thus, a proportion of the total IOR effect observed in visual cue-target tasks can be attributed to non-ocular response inhibition, but this process appears to decay more rapidly than does 'true' IOR, having dissipated by 1800 ms following cue onset.
返回抑制（IOR）是指对出现在与先前刺激相同位置的目标的反应变慢。IOR通常使用线索-目标设计进行研究，在这种设计中，受试者只对一对刺激中的第二个刺激做出反应。在这类任务中，“真正的”IOR测量可能会因非眼部反应抑制的影响而混淆，因为参与者必须抑制对第一个刺激做出反应（如按键）的任何倾向。使用目标-目标设计可以消除这种混淆，在该设计中对两个刺激都做出反应。我们通过让参与者同时进行线索-目标和目标-目标检测任务（具有相同的时间安排和刺激），评估了非眼部反应抑制对在线索-目标任务中测量的视觉IOR的贡献。在两个任务中都获得了显著的IOR，但在1400毫秒的刺激起始异步（SOA）条件下，线索-目标条件下的IOR幅度显著大于目标-目标条件下的。然而，在1800毫秒的SOA条件下，两个任务之间的IOR幅度没有显著差异。因此，在视觉线索-目标任务中观察到的总IOR效应的一部分可归因于非眼部反应抑制，但这个过程似乎比“真正的”IOR衰减得更快，在线索出现后1800毫秒时就已经消失了。
