Spence C, Driver J
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, England.
Percept Psychophys. 1998 Jan;60(1):125-39. doi: 10.3758/bf03211923.
Two experiments examined any inhibition-of-return (IOR) effects from auditory cues and from preceding auditory targets upon reaction times (RTs) for detecting subsequent auditory targets. Auditory RT was delayed if the preceding auditory cue was on the same side as the target, but was unaffected by the location of the auditory target from the preceding trial, suggesting that response inhibition for the cue may have produced its effects. By contrast, visual detection RT was inhibited by the ipsilateral presentation of a visual target on the preceding trial. In a third experiment, targets could be unpredictably auditory or visual, and no peripheral cues intervened. Both auditory and visual detection RTs were now delayed following an ipsilateral versus contralateral target in either modality on the preceding trial, even when eye position was monitored to ensure central fixation throughout. These data suggest that auditory target-target IOR arises only when target modality is unpredictable. They also provide the first unequivocal evidence for cross-modal IOR, since, unlike other recent studies (e.g., Reuter-Lorenz, Jha, & Rosenquist, 1996; Tassinari & Berlucchi, 1995; Tassinari & Campara, 1996), the present cross-modal effects cannot be explained in terms of response inhibition for the cue. The results are discussed in relation to neurophysiological studies and audiovisual links in saccade programming.
两项实验研究了听觉线索以及先前的听觉目标对检测后续听觉目标的反应时间（RT）的任何返回抑制（IOR）效应。如果先前的听觉线索与目标在同一侧，听觉反应时间会延迟，但不受前一次试验中听觉目标位置的影响，这表明对线索的反应抑制可能产生了作用。相比之下，前一次试验中同侧呈现视觉目标会抑制视觉检测反应时间。在第三个实验中，目标可能不可预测地是听觉或视觉的，且没有外周线索介入。现在，在前一次试验中，无论同侧还是对侧的目标是哪种模态，听觉和视觉检测反应时间都会延迟，即使在整个过程中监测眼睛位置以确保中央注视。这些数据表明，只有当目标模态不可预测时，才会出现听觉目标 - 目标的返回抑制。它们还为跨模态返回抑制提供了首个明确证据，因为与其他近期研究（例如，Reuter-Lorenz、Jha和Rosenquist，1996；Tassinari和Berlucchi，1995；Tassinari和Campara，1996）不同，目前的跨模态效应无法用对线索的反应抑制来解释。将结合神经生理学研究和扫视编程中的视听联系来讨论这些结果。
