Zammit Stanley, Allebeck Peter, David Anthony S, Dalman Christina, Hemmingsson Tomas, Lundberg Ingvar, Lewis Glyn
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;61(4):354-60. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.61.4.354.
Longitudinal studies indicate that a lower IQ score increases risk of schizophrenia. Preliminary evidence suggests there is no such effect for nonpsychotic bipolar disorder. To our knowledge, there are no prior population-based, longitudinal studies of premorbid IQ score and risk of developing severe depression requiring hospital admission.
To investigate the association between premorbid IQ score and risk of developing schizophrenia, other nonaffective psychoses, bipolar disorder, and severe depression and to investigate effects of confounding and examine possible causal pathways by which IQ may alter these risks.
Historical cohort study, using record linkage for hospital admissions during a 27-year follow-up period.
Survey of Swedish conscripts (1969-1970).
Population-based sample of 50,087 male subjects. Data were available on IQ score at conscription and on other social and psychological characteristics.
International Classification of Diseases, Eighth Revision or Ninth Revision diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe depression, and other nonaffective psychoses.
There was no association between premorbid IQ score and risk of bipolar disorder. Lower IQ was associated with increased risk of schizophrenia, severe depression, and other nonaffective psychoses. Risk of schizophrenia was increased in subjects with average IQ compared with those with high scores, indicating that risk is spread across the whole IQ range.
Lower IQ score was associated with increased risk for schizophrenia, severe depression, and other nonaffective psychoses, but not bipolar disorder. This finding indicates that at least some aspects of the neurodevelopmental etiology of bipolar disorder may differ from these other disorders.
纵向研究表明，较低的智商分数会增加患精神分裂症的风险。初步证据表明，对于非精神病性双相情感障碍不存在这种影响。据我们所知，以前没有基于人群的纵向研究探讨病前智商分数与发展为需要住院治疗的重度抑郁症风险之间的关系。
研究病前智商分数与患精神分裂症、其他非情感性精神病、双相情感障碍和重度抑郁症风险之间的关联，并研究混杂因素的影响，以及探讨智商可能改变这些风险的潜在因果途径。
历史性队列研究，利用27年随访期内医院入院记录进行数据链接。
瑞典应征入伍者调查（1969 - 1970年）。
基于人群的50,087名男性受试者样本。可获得征兵时的智商分数以及其他社会和心理特征数据。
国际疾病分类第八版或第九版对精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、重度抑郁症和其他非情感性精神病的诊断。
病前智商分数与双相情感障碍风险之间无关联。较低的智商与精神分裂症、重度抑郁症和其他非情感性精神病风险增加相关。与高智商受试者相比，平均智商受试者患精神分裂症的风险增加，这表明风险分布在整个智商范围内。
较低的智商分数与精神分裂症、重度抑郁症和其他非情感性精神病风险增加相关，但与双相情感障碍无关。这一发现表明，双相情感障碍的神经发育病因的至少某些方面可能与其他这些疾病不同。
