Webb Penelope M, Purdie David M, Bain Christopher J, Green Adèle C
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Apr;13(4):592-9.
Moderate alcohol intake can influence sex hormone levels and affect ovarian function as well as increasing breast cancer risk. This suggests that alcohol might also influence ovarian cancer risk. We have evaluated this among 696 Australian women with histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer and 786 cancer-free control women, selected at random from the electoral roll. Sociodemographic information and a detailed reproductive history were collected in a face-to-face interview, and information about diet and alcohol consumption was obtained from a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Overall, 59% of women drank <1 standard drink/week and only 5% of cases and 8% of controls drank an average of > or =2 standard drinks/day. Compared with nondrinkers, the OR for women who drank an average of > or =2 standard drinks/day was 0.49 (95% CI = 0.30-0.81). This effect did not vary for the different subtypes but was restricted to wine (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.33-0.93 for > or =1 glass/day versus nondrinkers) with no effect for beer (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65-2.46) or sherry/spirits (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.59-1.95). Combining our results with the six previous population-based studies gave a pooled OR of 0.72 (95% CI = 0.54-0.97) for the highest alcohol intake group versus nondrinkers. These data suggest that alcohol does not increase risk of ovarian cancer. In this Australian population, the inverse association with alcohol was due solely to wine consumption and so may be a consequence of antioxidants and/or phytoestrogens in wine rather than the alcohol itself.
适度饮酒会影响性激素水平，进而影响卵巢功能，同时还会增加患乳腺癌的风险。这表明酒精可能也会影响患卵巢癌的风险。我们在696名经组织学确诊为上皮性卵巢癌的澳大利亚女性以及786名从选民名单中随机选取的无癌对照女性中对此进行了评估。通过面对面访谈收集了社会人口统计学信息和详细的生殖史，并从食物频率问卷中获取了饮食和饮酒情况的信息。采用逻辑回归计算调整后的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。总体而言，59%的女性每周饮酒量少于1标准杯，只有5%的病例组女性和8%的对照组女性平均每天饮酒量≥2标准杯。与不饮酒者相比，平均每天饮酒量≥2标准杯的女性的OR为0.49（95%CI = 0.30 - 0.81）。这种效应在不同亚型中并无差异，但仅限于葡萄酒（每天≥1杯与不饮酒者相比，OR = 0.56，95%CI = 0.33 - 0.93），啤酒（OR = 1.26，95%CI = 0.65 - 2.46）和雪利酒/烈酒（OR = 1.07，95%CI = 0.59 - 1.95）则无此效应。将我们的结果与之前六项基于人群的研究相结合，得出最高饮酒量组与不饮酒者相比的合并OR为0.72（95%CI = 0.54 - 0.97）。这些数据表明酒精不会增加患卵巢癌的风险。在这个澳大利亚人群中，与酒精的负相关仅归因于葡萄酒的饮用，因此可能是葡萄酒中抗氧化剂和/或植物雌激素的作用，而非酒精本身的作用。
