Natarajan K R
Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India.
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1992 Jul-Aug;11(4):217-27.
Aflatoxin contamination of peanuts has posed a threat to the peanut industry in utilizing peanuts as a source of a low-cost protein ingredient for food and feed. Although the best approach to containing the aflatoxin problem in peanuts is prevention, it appears that chemical inactivation of aflatoxin in contaminated raw material provides the best means to salvaging the contaminated material. Several chemical reagents have been investigated for their efficacy in destroying aflatoxins present in raw peanuts and defatted peanut meal. Using certain oxidizing agents such as NaOCl, H2O2, and benzoyl peroxide; bases such as ammonia, methylamine, and calcium hydroxide; and aldehydes such as formaldehyde, contaminated raw peanuts or defatted peanut meal have been demonstrated to yield peanut meals, protein isolates, and concentrates having trace amounts or nondetectable levels of aflatoxins. Processing conditions for inactivating aflatoxins using these chemicals were investigated. The chemical treatments had little effect on the physiochemical properties of the detoxified protein product. The advantages and disadvantages of using these chemicals for inactivation of aflatoxins are discussed.
花生中的黄曲霉毒素污染对花生行业构成了威胁，因为花生被用作食品和饲料中低成本蛋白质成分的来源。尽管控制花生中黄曲霉毒素问题的最佳方法是预防，但对受污染原料中的黄曲霉毒素进行化学灭活似乎是挽救受污染原料的最佳手段。人们已经研究了几种化学试剂对破坏生花生和脱脂花生粕中黄曲霉毒素的效果。使用某些氧化剂，如次氯酸钠、过氧化氢和过氧化苯甲酰；碱，如氨、甲胺和氢氧化钙；以及醛，如甲醛，已证明受污染的生花生或脱脂花生粕能产生黄曲霉毒素含量为微量或检测不到的花生粕、蛋白质分离物和浓缩物。研究了使用这些化学物质灭活黄曲霉毒素的加工条件。化学处理对解毒蛋白产品的理化性质影响很小。讨论了使用这些化学物质灭活黄曲霉毒素的优缺点。
