Eggen A E
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, Tromso, Norway.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 1997 May;6(3):179-87. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1557(199705)6:3<179::AID-PDS258>3.0.CO;2-P.
Data from the Norwegian Health Survey, a national cross-sectional study, were collected through interviews with a randomly drawn sample of members of private households, including 5454 women and 5122 men (0-80+ years) in 1985. The response rate was 78.7%. They were interviewed at home and asked questions regarding health conditions and drug use in the preceding 14 days due to diseases, illnesses or injuries. Drug use decreased with age in childhood, but the overall age trend showed an increase with age. The gender differences were observed through the childbearing years (15-49 years) and above 70 years of age. Higher medicine use in women compared with men was due to a higher frequency of diagnoses of diseases/illnesses/injuries and a higher medicine use among those women with a diagnosis. Higher medicine use among women due to women's reproductory role can only be a part of the explanation. The gender difference in medicine use was also distinct after the menopause. Use of both prescribed and non-prescribed medicines was sporadic, and self-medication decreased in both sexes when obtaining medicines from the doctor. The regional variations in self-reported medicine use were mainly due to variation in the frequency of self-reported diseases/illnesses/injuries.
挪威健康调查是一项全国性横断面研究，其数据收集于1985年，通过对随机抽取的私人住户成员进行访谈获得，包括5454名女性和5122名男性（0至80岁以上）。应答率为78.7%。他们在家中接受访谈，被问及在前14天内因疾病、伤痛而出现的健康状况及用药情况。儿童期用药量随年龄增长而减少，但总体年龄趋势显示用药量随年龄增加。在生育年龄段（15至49岁）及70岁以上人群中观察到了性别差异。与男性相比，女性用药量较高是因为疾病/伤痛的诊断频率较高，以及有诊断结果的女性用药量较高。女性因生殖角色导致用药量较高，这只是部分原因。绝经后，用药方面的性别差异也很明显。处方药和非处方药的使用都是零星的，从医生处获取药物时，男女的自我药疗情况均有所减少。自我报告的用药情况的地区差异主要是由于自我报告的疾病/伤痛频率不同。
