Alexandrakis Michael G, Passam Freda H, Kyriakou Despina S, Bouros Demosthenes
Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, and Medical School, University of Crete, Greece.
Chest. 2004 Apr;125(4):1546-55. doi: 10.1378/chest.125.4.1546.
Nearly all hematologic malignancies can occasionally present with or develop pleural effusions during the clinical course of disease. Among the most common disorders are Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, with a frequency of 20 to 30%, especially if mediastinal involvement is present. Acute and chronic leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, are rarely accompanied by pleural involvement. Furthermore, 10 to 30% of patients receiving bone marrow transplantation develop pleural effusions. In cases of hematologic pleural effusions, drug toxicity, underlying infectious, secondary malignant or rarely autoimmune causes should be carefully sought. In most cases, the pleural fluid responds to treatment of the primary disease, whereas resistant or relapsing cases may necessitate pleurodesis.
几乎所有血液系统恶性肿瘤在疾病临床过程中偶尔都会出现或发展为胸腔积液。最常见的疾病包括霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤，发生率为20%至30%，尤其是存在纵隔受累时。急性和慢性白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征很少伴有胸膜受累。此外，接受骨髓移植的患者中有10%至30%会出现胸腔积液。对于血液系统胸腔积液病例，应仔细寻找药物毒性、潜在感染、继发性恶性肿瘤或罕见的自身免疫性病因。在大多数情况下，胸腔积液对原发性疾病的治疗有反应，而耐药或复发的病例可能需要进行胸膜固定术。
