Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Jan 14;53(1):121. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02561-1.
Organic trace minerals (OTMs) have the potential to replace inorganic trace minerals (ITMs), but the degree to which the dietary levels can be reduced is not well defined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of replacing of ITMs with lower levels of OTMs on growth performance, blood parameters, antioxidant status, and immune indexes in weaned piglets. The experiment was conducted in a subtropical city in Guangdong Province in South China (subtropical climate) from July to September 2018. A total of 600 pigs with an average initial BW of 8.90 kg were allotted by gender and weight to 5 treatments with 6 replicate pens per treatment. Experimental treatments: (A) Control group (a basal diet with iron, copper, manganese, and zinc from sulfates and sodium selenite providing commercially utilized levels in China of 150, 25, 40, 150, and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively). (B) 1/2 ITM group (inorganic trace minerals providing 1/2 control group levels). (C) 1/2 OTM group (1/2 control group trace mineral levels with manganese, iron, zinc, and selenium from Sel-Plex® and Cu from Bioplex®). (D) 1/3 ITM group (1/3 control group trace mineral levels from inorganic forms). (E) 1/3 OTM group (1/3 control group trace mineral levels from organic forms). The results suggest no significant effects of trace mineral sources or levels, on average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different treatments during the entire experiment. The level of zinc in serum was significantly decreased in the 1/3 ITM group. The 1/3 OTM group had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) immunoglobulin G (IgG) level in serum. Fecal mineral excretion decreased significantly (P < 0.05) when decreased dietary levels of trace minerals were included at 1/2 and 1/3 levels regardless of sources. Fecal concentrations of zinc excretion were lower (P < 0.05) with 1/2 OTM supplementation than 1/2 ITMs. The present study shows that replacing high doses of ITMs with low concentrations (1/3) of OTMs does not adversely affect the growth performance of piglets. At low levels, total replacement of ITMs with OTMs improved IgG and reduced fecal excretion of copper, zinc, iron, and manganese, thereby mitigating environmental pollution.
有机痕量矿物质（OTMs）有可能替代无机痕量矿物质（ITMs），但尚不清楚可以降低的饮食水平。本研究旨在研究用较低水平的 OTM 替代 ITMs 对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液参数、抗氧化状态和免疫指标的影响。该实验于 2018 年 7 月至 9 月在中国南方广东省的一个亚热带城市（亚热带气候）进行。总共 600 头平均初始体重为 8.90 公斤的猪按性别和体重分配到 5 个处理组中，每个处理组有 6 个重复栏。实验处理：（A）对照组（铁、铜、锰和锌来自硫酸盐和亚硒酸钠，分别提供中国商业应用水平的 150、25、40、150 和 0.5mg/kg）。（B）1/2 ITM 组（无机痕量矿物质提供对照组 1/2 水平）。（C）1/2 OTM 组（1/2 对照组痕量矿物质水平，锰、铁、锌和硒来自 Sel-Plex®，铜来自 Bioplex®）。（D）1/3 ITM 组（1/3 对照组痕量矿物质水平来自无机形式）。（E）1/3 OTM 组（1/3 对照组痕量矿物质水平来自有机形式）。结果表明，在整个实验期间，不同处理组之间，痕量矿物质来源或水平对平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）没有显著影响。血清中锌的水平在 1/3 ITM 组中显著降低。1/3 OTM 组血清中免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）水平显著升高（P<0.05）。无论来源如何，当减少痕量矿物质的饮食水平至 1/2 和 1/3 时，粪便矿物质排泄量显著降低（P<0.05）。补充 1/2 OTM 时，粪便锌排泄量较低（P<0.05）。本研究表明，用低浓度（1/3）OTM 替代高剂量 ITM 不会对仔猪的生长性能产生不利影响。在低水平下，用 OTM 完全替代 ITM 可提高 IgG 并减少铜、锌、铁和锰的粪便排泄，从而减轻环境污染。
