Finnie J W, Manavis J, Summersides G E, Blumbergs P C
Veterinary Services Division, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia.
Aust Vet J. 2003 Mar;81(3):153-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2003.tb11078.x.
To assess the effect of impact with a nonpenetrating captive bolt pistol in pigs by studying the resulting traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to compare the pathological changes with those found previously in the brains of sheep using a similar experimental paradigm.
The unrestrained heads of six, anaesthetised, 7- to 8-week-old, Large White pigs were impacted in the temporal region with a nonpenetrating captive bolt pistol. Four hours postimpact, brains were perfusion-fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. Coronal sections from six levels along the brain were cut and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically for amyloid precursor protein, a sensitive marker of axonal injury (AI) in the brain after trauma.
TBI in pigs was characterised only by very mild AI, whereas AI in sheep after captive bolt impact to the same head region was much more severe and widely distributed and often associated with vascular damage such as contusions, subarachnoid and intraparenchymal haemorrhage.
TBI in pigs was much less severe than in sheep after non-penetrating mechanical impact of similar magnitude, confirming the importance of interspecies differences in determining an appropriate physical method of euthanasia.
通过研究非穿透性栓式击昏枪对猪造成的创伤性脑损伤（TBI），评估其影响，并使用类似的实验范式将病理变化与先前在绵羊大脑中发现的变化进行比较。
对6只7至8周龄的大白猪进行麻醉，在无约束状态下用非穿透性栓式击昏枪撞击其颞部区域。撞击后4小时，用4%多聚甲醛对大脑进行灌注固定。沿大脑六个层面切取冠状切片，用苏木精和伊红染色，并进行免疫组织化学染色，检测淀粉样前体蛋白，这是创伤后大脑轴突损伤（AI）的敏感标志物。
猪的TBI仅表现为非常轻微的AI，而用栓式击昏枪撞击相同头部区域后，绵羊的AI要严重得多且分布广泛，并且常常伴有血管损伤，如挫伤、蛛网膜下腔出血和脑实质内出血。
在类似强度的非穿透性机械撞击后，猪的TBI比绵羊的严重程度低得多，这证实了种间差异在确定合适的物理安乐死方法中的重要性。
