Srinivas K, Roediger H L, Rajaram S
Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167-3807.
Mem Cognit. 1992 May;20(3):219-30. doi: 10.3758/bf03199659.
The present research examined the role of phonological and orthographic properties of cues in mediating the retrieval of words from the mental lexicon. The task required subjects to resolve fragmented words when provided with semantically related cues (e.g., spiteful:---DIC----). Phonological properties of the letter cues were manipulated such that the letters either corresponded to the syllables (e.g., DIC in vindictive) or nonsyllables (NDI) in the word. Orthographic properties of the letter cues were manipulated by selecting letter groups that either co-occurred frequently in the language or did not. In two experiments, results revealed little or no effect of the phonological variable (syllables) but a reliable effect of the orthographic variable (letter-cue frequency). Letter cues with a low frequency of co-occurrence in the language led to better completion of the fragmented words. We interpret these findings as support for models of lexical representation that are based on orthographic properties (e.g., Seidenberg & McClelland, 1989) rather than those based on phonological constraints.
本研究考察了线索的语音和正字法属性在介导从心理词库中检索单词时所起的作用。该任务要求受试者在提供语义相关线索（例如，spiteful:---DIC----）时解析破碎的单词。对字母线索的语音属性进行了操纵，使得这些字母要么对应于单词中的音节（例如，vindictive中的DIC），要么对应于非音节（NDI）。通过选择在语言中频繁共现或不频繁共现的字母组来操纵字母线索的正字法属性。在两项实验中，结果显示语音变量（音节）几乎没有影响，但正字法变量（字母线索频率）有可靠的影响。在语言中共现频率低的字母线索导致对破碎单词的更好完成。我们将这些发现解释为对基于正字法属性的词汇表征模型（例如，Seidenberg & McClelland，1989）的支持，而不是对基于语音限制的模型的支持。
