冰岛雷克雅未克地区在无家庭螨虫暴露情况下对屋尘螨的致敏反应。

Sensitization to house dust mites in Reykjavik, Iceland, in the absence of domestic exposure to mites.

作者信息

Hallas T E, Gislason D, Björnsdottir U S, Jörundsdottir K B, Janson C, Luczynska C M, Gislason T

机构信息

Allergy Unit, National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

出版信息

Allergy. 2004 May;59(5):515-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00459.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00459.x

PMID:15080832

Abstract

BACKGROUND

House dust mites are common sources of indoor allergens. In Reykjavik, Iceland, 9% of the young adult population had serum-specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Sensitization to mites is usually assumed to be due to exposure to house dust mites in the indoor environment. This investigation was carried out to measure the concentrations of house dust mite allergens and to investigate which species of mites were present in beds in Iceland.

METHODS

A total of 197 randomly selected adults were visited at home using the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) II Indoor protocol. Dust samples were collected from mattresses for measurement of house dust mite allergen concentrations and to estimate the number and type of house dust mites. Additional samples from mattresses and floors were collected from the homes of 10 patients with positive skin prick tests (SPT) to D. pteronyssinus. House dust mite allergen concentrations were measured using ELISA and examination of mite species was carried out using microscopy. Climatic parameters were assessed using psychrometer readings in the bedrooms and outdoors.

RESULTS

We found two single mite specimens, both D. pteronyssinus, in two dust samples. Mite allergen analyses indicated that two other dust samples had Der f 1 results close to the cut-off of 0.1 microg/g of dust. No samples were positive for Der p 1. In an additional collection of dust from the homes of 10 SPT-positive patients no Dermatophagoides spp. were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Reykjavik citizens are exposed to extremely low amounts of house dust mite allergens in their homes. Possible alternative sources for sensitization are discussed, such as bird nests, exposure from travelling abroad, or other mites or invertebrates that cross-react with house dust mite allergens. Our findings suggest that exposures other than to house dust mites indoors are possible sources of mite allergen exposure.

摘要

背景

屋尘螨是室内过敏原的常见来源。在冰岛雷克雅未克，9%的年轻成年人口血清中含有针对尘螨的特异性IgE。通常认为对螨虫的致敏是由于接触室内环境中的屋尘螨所致。开展此项调查旨在测量屋尘螨过敏原的浓度，并调查冰岛床褥中存在哪些螨虫种类。

方法

采用欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查（ECRHS）II室内方案，对197名随机选取的成年人进行了家访。从床垫上采集灰尘样本，以测量屋尘螨过敏原浓度，并估计屋尘螨的数量和种类。另外从10名对尘螨皮肤点刺试验（SPT）呈阳性的患者家中的床垫和地板上采集样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量屋尘螨过敏原浓度，并通过显微镜检查螨虫种类。使用干湿球温度计在卧室和室外读取数据来评估气候参数。