Taylor Lisa N, McFarlane Wendy J, Pyle Greg G, Couture Patrice, McDonald D Gordon
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Stantec, 11B Nicholas Beaver Road, Guelph, Hamilton, Ont., Canada N1H 6H9.
Aquat Toxicol. 2004 May 12;67(4):371-85. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.01.018.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of copper exposure on swimming performance and gill-binding characteristics of wild yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a species endemic to metal-contaminated lakes of the Sudbury region in northern Ontario. Yellow perch were collected from lakes varying in the degree of metal contamination (Cu = 1-21 microg/l), on two separate occasions for the investigation of swim performance and the analysis of gill-binding characteristics. Swim performance tests indicated that yellow perch from the contaminated lake had slightly greater endurance in a fixed velocity sprint test than fish from reference lakes, although the analysis of critical swimming speeds (U(crit)) did not reveal this same distinction between the groups. Differential sprint performance was in part due to differences in fish size within contaminated and reference lakes. Yellow perch from the contaminated lake also had higher resting levels of muscle glycogen and greater lactate production during high intensity exercise compared to yellow perch from the reference site. Acclimation occurred in the metal-contaminated yellow perch, as seen by the significantly elevated time to death (LT50) during an acutely lethal challenge to 600 microg Cu/l. However, gills from perch from the contaminated lake accumulated about three times more copper at death. In contrast, at a lower exposure range of water-copper (10-400 microg/l), the gills of fish from the contaminated lake tended to saturate with copper at lower concentrations than gills of fish from the reference lake (approximately 8 microg versus 23 microg Cu/g of gill tissue). In addition, perch from the contaminated lake exhibited a lower rate of sodium loss during the acute exposure to copper at approximately 10 to 600 microg Cu/l. This study suggests that the amount of copper bound to (or accumulated within) the gills may not be diagnostic of acute toxicity for wild yellow perch from metal-contaminated lakes.
本研究的目的是评估铜暴露对野生黄鲈（Perca flavescens）游泳性能和鳃结合特性的影响，黄鲈是安大略省北部萨德伯里地区受金属污染湖泊特有的物种。在两个不同的时间段，从金属污染程度不同（铜含量为1 - 21微克/升）的湖泊中采集黄鲈，用于研究游泳性能和分析鳃结合特性。游泳性能测试表明，在固定速度冲刺测试中，来自受污染湖泊的黄鲈比来自对照湖泊的鱼类具有稍高的耐力，尽管对临界游泳速度（U(crit)）的分析并未揭示两组之间的这种差异。冲刺性能的差异部分归因于受污染湖泊和对照湖泊中鱼的大小差异。与来自对照地点的黄鲈相比，来自受污染湖泊的黄鲈在高强度运动期间的肌肉糖原静息水平更高，乳酸生成量也更大。在对受金属污染的黄鲈进行急性致死挑战（暴露于600微克/升铜）时，观察到其死亡时间（LT50）显著延长，表明发生了适应。然而，来自受污染湖泊的鲈鱼在死亡时鳃中积累的铜约为三倍。相比之下，在较低的水铜暴露范围（10 - 400微克/升）下，来自受污染湖泊的鱼的鳃比来自对照湖泊的鱼的鳃在更低的浓度下趋于铜饱和（约8微克/克鳃组织对23微克/克鳃组织）。此外，在急性暴露于约10至600微克/升铜期间，来自受污染湖泊的鲈鱼钠流失率较低。这项研究表明，与鳃结合（或在鳃内积累）的铜量可能无法诊断来自金属污染湖泊的野生黄鲈的急性毒性。
