Low Phillip A
Department of Neurology, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Semin Neurol. 2003 Dec;23(4):407-21. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-817725.
Noninvasive, well-validated clinical tests of autonomic function are available and are in relatively wide use. These comprise an evaluation of sudomotor, cardiovagal, and adrenergic functions. These tests are very useful and have resulted in the recognition of milder degrees of autonomic failure and the presence of orthostatic intolerance that previously were missed. An extensive normative database and commercial equipment is available. The main limitations of the tests relate to the fact that they evaluate mainly the function of target tissues so that the status of autonomic reflexes are inferred. The tests can be affected by medications. There are more invasive, more time-consuming, or less validated tests of autonomic function that can directly record from sympathetic nerve fibers (microneurography) and mesenteric bed to study cerebral vasoregulation and the status of the veins.
目前已有经过充分验证的非侵入性自主神经功能临床测试方法，且应用较为广泛。这些测试包括对汗腺运动、心脏迷走神经和肾上腺素能功能的评估。这些测试非常有用，使得人们能够识别出之前被漏诊的较轻程度的自主神经功能衰竭和直立不耐受情况。同时，还有广泛的标准数据库和商用设备可供使用。这些测试的主要局限性在于，它们主要评估靶组织的功能，从而推断自主神经反射的状态。这些测试可能会受到药物的影响。此外，还有一些侵入性更强、耗时更长或验证程度较低的自主神经功能测试，这些测试可以直接记录交感神经纤维（微神经ography）和肠系膜床的情况，以研究脑血管调节和静脉状态。
