Gallavotti G, Cohen E G D
Department of Mathematics, Rutgers University, 110 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2004 Mar;69(3 Pt 2):035104. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.035104. Epub 2004 Mar 31.
In transformations between nonequilibrium stationary states, entropy might not be a well defined concept. It might be analogous to the "heat content" in transformations in equilibrium which is not well defined either, if they are not isochoric (i.e., do involve mechanical work). Hence we conjecture that in a nonequilibrium stationary state the entropy is just a quantity that can be transferred or created, such as heat in equilibrium, but has no physical meaning as "entropy content" as a property of the system.
在非平衡稳态之间的转变过程中，熵可能不是一个定义明确的概念。这可能类似于平衡态转变中的“热含量”，如果这些转变不是等容的（即确实涉及机械功），那么“热含量”也不是定义明确的。因此我们推测，在非平衡稳态中，熵仅仅是一个可以被转移或产生的量，就像平衡态中的热一样，但作为系统的一种属性，它没有“熵含量”这样的物理意义。
