Dienwiebel Martin, Verhoeven Gertjan S, Pradeep Namboodiri, Frenken Joost W M, Heimberg Jennifer A, Zandbergen Henny W
Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Mar 26;92(12):126101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.126101. Epub 2004 Mar 24.
Using a home-built frictional force microscope that is able to detect forces in three dimensions with a lateral force resolution down to 15 pN, we have studied the energy dissipation between a tungsten tip sliding over a graphite surface in dry contact. By measuring atomic-scale friction as a function of the rotational angle between two contacting bodies, we show that the origin of the ultralow friction of graphite lies in the incommensurability between rotated graphite layers, an effect proposed under the name of "superlubricity" [Phys. Rev. B 41, 11 837 (1990)]].
我们使用一台自制的摩擦力显微镜，它能够在三维空间中检测力，横向力分辨率低至15皮牛，研究了在干接触情况下钨尖在石墨表面滑动时的能量耗散。通过测量原子尺度的摩擦力作为两个接触物体之间旋转角度的函数，我们表明石墨超低摩擦的起源在于旋转石墨层之间的不相称性，这种效应被称为“超润滑性”[《物理评论B》41, 11837 (1990)]。
