Morris J F, Ludwig M
Department of Human Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Neuroendocrinol. 2004 Apr;16(4):403-8. doi: 10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01182.x.
The hypothalamic magnocellular neurones of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of mammals are among the best understood of all peptidergic neurones, and therefore serve as a model for understanding the functions of other peptidergic neurones. The release of vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing neurosecretory vesicles from their dendrites was first established 15 years ago. This local release is now known to have many functions, including controlling the interactions between oxytocin neurones and their surrounding glia, and facilitating and inhibiting the electrical activation of the neurones. Technical advances now permit dynamic analysis of dendritic release. Here, we review recent studies that focus on the conditional priming of dendritic peptide release by peptide-induced liberation of intracellular calcium, and the role of dendritic protein synthesis in the dendritic peptide release and the control of receptive properties of the neurones.
哺乳动物视上核和室旁核的下丘脑大细胞神经元是所有肽能神经元中了解最为透彻的，因此可作为理解其他肽能神经元功能的模型。15年前首次证实了从其树突释放含血管加压素和催产素的神经分泌小泡。现在已知这种局部释放具有多种功能，包括控制催产素神经元与其周围神经胶质细胞之间的相互作用，以及促进和抑制神经元的电激活。技术进步现在允许对树突释放进行动态分析。在这里，我们综述了最近的研究，这些研究聚焦于肽诱导的细胞内钙释放对树突肽释放的条件性引发，以及树突蛋白合成在树突肽释放和神经元感受特性控制中的作用。
