Gutiérrez-Fisac Juan L, López Esther, Banegas Jose R, Graciani Auxiliadora, Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Obes Res. 2004 Apr;12(4):710-5. doi: 10.1038/oby.2004.83.
To estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight in the older adult population in Spain by sex, age, and educational level.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2001 in a sample of 4009 persons representative of the noninstitutionalized population > or = 60 years of age. Anthropometric measurements (BMI and waist circumference) were obtained using standardized techniques and equipment. Overweight was considered at a BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 and obesity at a BMI of > or = 30 kg/m2. Central obesity was considered at a waist circumference of >102 cm in men and >88 cm in women.
The mean BMI was 28.2 kg/m2 in men and 29.3 kg/m2 in women. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in men was 49% and 31.5%, respectively. The corresponding percentages in women were 39.8% and 40.8%. The prevalence of obesity was higher in persons with no education than in those with third level education (i.e., university studies), especially among women (41.8% vs. 17.5%). The prevalence of central obesity was 48.4% in men and 78.4% in women. Differences by educational level were seen in only women, in whom the prevalence of central obesity was 80.9% in those with no education and 59% in those with third-level education.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Spanish adult elderly population is very high. Some other populations show similar prevalences, especially in Mediterranean countries. Socioeconomic conditions in Spain during the years these cohorts were born may partly explain the high-frequency of obesity.
按性别、年龄和教育水平估算西班牙老年人群中肥胖和超重的患病率。
2001年对4009名60岁及以上非机构化人群的代表性样本进行了横断面研究。使用标准化技术和设备进行人体测量（体重指数和腰围）。体重指数在25至29.9千克/平方米被视为超重，体重指数大于或等于30千克/平方米被视为肥胖。男性腰围大于102厘米、女性腰围大于88厘米被视为中心性肥胖。
男性的平均体重指数为28.2千克/平方米，女性为29.3千克/平方米。男性超重和肥胖的患病率分别为49%和31.5%。女性相应的百分比分别为39.8%和40.8%。未受过教育者的肥胖患病率高于受过高等教育者（即大学学历者），尤其是在女性中（41.8%对17.5%）。男性中心性肥胖的患病率为48.4%，女性为78.4%。仅在女性中观察到教育水平的差异，未受过教育的女性中心性肥胖患病率为80.9%，受过高等教育的女性为59%。
西班牙成年老年人群中超重和肥胖的患病率非常高。其他一些人群也有类似的患病率，尤其是在地中海国家。这些队列出生年份西班牙的社会经济状况可能部分解释了肥胖的高发生率。
