Cortina-Borja Mario, Cliffe Susan, Tookey Pat, Williams David, Cubitt W David, Peckham Catherine
Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK.
AIDS. 2004 Feb 20;18(3):535-40. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200402200-00021.
To describe trends in the prevalence of HIV in an ethnically diverse population of pregnant women in the United Kingdom.
Data on parental country of birth from national birth registration records were linked to neonatal dried blood spot samples routinely collected for neonatal screening in the North Thames region between 1998 and 2002. Identifiers were subsequently irreversibly deleted prior to establishing maternal HIV status by testing the neonatal samples.
A total of 491 213 dried blood spot samples were collected, and 490 879 (99.93%) were tested for HIV. Of these, 1029 were seropositive. There was an overall significant increasing trend (P-value = 0.001) between 1998 and 2002. Maternal region of birth was available for 89.8% of HIV-infected samples, and, among these, 80.5% of mothers were born in sub-Saharan Africa and 11.1% in the UK. The highest prevalences of HIV were in women born in sub-Saharan Africa (2.09%). If both parents were born in the UK, overall seroprevalence was 0.016%.
HIV infection in pregnant women in the UK continues to occur predominantly in women born in sub-Saharan Africa with prevalence in this group increasing significantly. Although the absolute number of HIV-infected women rose in some other groups, there was no evidence for a statistically significant rise in HIV prevalence in women born outside sub-Saharan Africa. Over 93% of children at risk of vertical transmission of HIV had at least one parent born abroad. This paper underlines the value of data linkage in monitoring HIV prevalence in a diverse population.
描述英国不同种族孕妇群体中艾滋病毒感染率的趋势。
将国家出生登记记录中父母出生地的数据与1998年至2002年期间在北泰晤士地区常规收集用于新生儿筛查的新生儿干血斑样本相联系。在通过检测新生儿样本确定母亲的艾滋病毒感染状况之前，标识符随后被不可逆地删除。
共收集了491213份干血斑样本，其中490879份（99.93%）进行了艾滋病毒检测。其中，1029份呈血清学阳性。1998年至2002年期间总体呈显著上升趋势（P值=0.001）。89.8%的艾滋病毒感染样本可获取母亲的出生地信息，其中80.5%的母亲出生在撒哈拉以南非洲，11.1%出生在英国。艾滋病毒感染率最高的是出生在撒哈拉以南非洲的女性（2.09%）。如果父母双方都出生在英国，总体血清阳性率为0.016%。
英国孕妇中的艾滋病毒感染仍主要发生在出生于撒哈拉以南非洲的女性中，该群体的感染率显著上升。尽管其他一些群体中艾滋病毒感染女性的绝对数量有所增加，但没有证据表明撒哈拉以南非洲以外出生的女性艾滋病毒感染率有统计学意义的上升。超过93%有艾滋病毒垂直传播风险的儿童至少有一位父母出生在国外。本文强调了数据关联在监测不同人群艾滋病毒感染率方面的价值。
