Bandura A, Adams N E, Beyer J
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1977 Mar;35(3):125-39. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.35.3.125.
The present experiment was designed to test the theory that psychological procedures achieve changes in behavior by altering the level and strength of self-efficacy. In this formulation, perceived self-efficacy. In this formulation, perceived self-efficacy influences level of performance by enhancing intensity and persistence of effort. Adult phobics were administered treatments based upon either performance mastery experiences, vicarious experiences., or they received no treatment. Their efficacy expectations and approach behavior toward threats differing on a similarity dimension were measured before and after treatment. In accord with our prediction, the mastery-based treatment produced higher, stronger, and more generalized expectations of personal efficacy than did the treatment relying solely upon vicarious experiences. Results of a microanalysis further confirm the hypothesized relationship between self-efficacy and behavioral change. Self-efficacy was a uniformly accurate predictor of performance on tasks of varying difficulty with different threats regardless of whether the changes in self-efficacy were produced through enactive mastery or by vicarious experience alone.
本实验旨在检验一种理论，即心理程序通过改变自我效能感的水平和强度来实现行为的改变。在这一表述中，感知到的自我效能感。在这一表述中，感知到的自我效能感通过增强努力的强度和持续性来影响表现水平。成年恐惧症患者接受基于表现掌握经验、替代经验的治疗，或者不接受治疗。在治疗前后测量他们对不同相似性维度威胁的效能期望和接近行为。与我们的预测一致，基于掌握的治疗比仅依赖替代经验的治疗产生了更高、更强和更普遍的个人效能期望。微观分析的结果进一步证实了自我效能感与行为改变之间的假设关系。无论自我效能感的变化是通过实际掌握还是仅通过替代经验产生的，自我效能感都是不同难度任务和不同威胁下表现的一致准确预测指标。
