Su M C, Christensen E R, Karls J F
Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics and Center for Great Lakes Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
Environ Pollut. 1998;99(3):411-9. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00182-6.
Six sediment cores were collected from Green Bay, Wisconsin, in order to identify possible sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by a chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The cores which were obtained in 1995 had total PAH concentrations between 8.04 and 0.460 ppm. 210Pb and 137Cs dating was used to determine historical trends of PAH inputs, and elemental carbon particle analysis was done to characterize particles from combustion of coal, wood and petroleum. The results show that coke burning, highway dust, and wood burning are likely sources of PAHs to Green Bay. The contribution of coke oven emissions (CB) for the Green Bay cores is in the range of 5 to 90%. The overall highway dust (HWY) contribution is between 5 and 70%. There is a maximum (approximately 67%) contribution of HWY around 1988 which is in agreement with the historical US petroleum consumption. The wood burning (WB) contribution is between 1 to 30%, except in core GB-A where a maximum (approximately 50%) is found around 1994. The average relative errors of measurement for x2 equal to the number of degrees of freedom, are 52.5, 56.2, 36.2, 52.3, and 42.8 (df = 3) for the Green Bay cores A, B, C, E, and F, respectively. The sums of the contribution factors are less than one, indicating gain of inert biological or other bulk material between source and receptor. The results of carbon particles for Green Bay core D show that coal, oil, and wood burning are consistent with the CMB modeling results.
从威斯康星州格林湾采集了六个沉积物岩芯，以便通过化学质量平衡（CMB）模型确定多环芳烃（PAH）的可能来源。1995年获取的岩芯中，总PAH浓度在8.04至0.460 ppm之间。利用210Pb和137Cs测年法确定PAH输入的历史趋势，并进行元素碳颗粒分析以表征煤、木材和石油燃烧产生的颗粒。结果表明，焦炭燃烧、公路扬尘和木材燃烧可能是格林湾PAH的来源。格林湾岩芯中焦炉排放（CB）的贡献范围为5%至90%。公路扬尘（HWY）的总体贡献在5%至70%之间。1988年左右HWY的贡献最大（约67%），这与美国历史石油消费量一致。木材燃烧（WB）的贡献在1%至30%之间，GB - A岩芯除外，在1994年左右发现其贡献最大（约50%）。对于格林湾岩芯A、B、C、E和F，x2等于自由度时测量的平均相对误差分别为52.5、56.2、36.2、52.3和42.8（df = 3）。贡献因子之和小于1，表明源与受体之间存在惰性生物或其他大量物质的增加。格林湾岩芯D的碳颗粒结果表明，煤、石油和木材燃烧与CMB建模结果一致。
