Chamier A C, Tipping E
Institute of Freshwater Ecology, The Ferry House, Ambleside, Cumbria LA22 OLP, UK.
Environ Pollut. 1997;96(3):289-98. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00054-7.
We investigated, by field and laboratory experiments, the effects of aluminium in an acid stream (pH 5.0) on the growth and sporulation of aquatic hyphomycete fungi which degrade organic litter. The stream water had monomeric aluminium (Al(m)) concentrations of 9.1-13.4 microm - fifty times higher than a nearby circumneutral stream. Alder leaves submersed in the stream accumulated Al, most of which was tightly bound. Growth rates of four species of aquatic hyphomycetes were altered by inclusion of Al(m) in the culture medium. On a polypectate substrate, and on low-phosphate medium with glucose, growth rates increased significantly. On a low-nutrient substrate of homogenized alder leaves, growth rates were inhibited by aluminium. The pattern of mycelial growth was found to be different on a polypectate medium including Al(m), compared with a control without aluminium. There was a significant increase in hyphal radial growth and a decrease in the hyphal growth unit. The effect resembled the growth of a starved fungal colony. Treatment with Al(m) decreased pectinase production by the four fungal species tested. The capacity of these species to sporulate was reduced by flooding culture plates with Al(m) solution. These deleterious metabolic effects were most severe in isolates taken from circumneutral streams and less marked, though significant, in species originating from acid streams.
我们通过野外和实验室实验，研究了酸性溪流（pH 5.0）中的铝对降解有机凋落物的水生丝状真菌生长和孢子形成的影响。溪流水体中单体铝（Al(m)）浓度为9.1 - 13.4微摩尔，比附近的中性溪流高出五十倍。浸没在溪流中的桤木叶积累了铝，其中大部分紧密结合。培养基中添加Al(m)会改变四种水生丝状真菌的生长速率。在聚果胶酸盐底物上以及含有葡萄糖的低磷酸盐培养基上，生长速率显著增加。在由均质化桤木叶制成的低营养底物上，铝抑制了生长速率。与不含铝的对照相比，发现在含有Al(m)的聚果胶酸盐培养基上菌丝体生长模式有所不同。菌丝径向生长显著增加，菌丝生长单位减少。这种效应类似于饥饿真菌菌落的生长。用Al(m)处理降低了所测试的四种真菌的果胶酶产量。用Al(m)溶液淹没培养平板会降低这些真菌的孢子形成能力。这些有害的代谢效应在从中性溪流分离出的菌株中最为严重，而在源自酸性溪流的物种中虽然也很显著，但不太明显。
