von Steiger B, Webster R, Schulin R, Lehmann R
ETH Zürich, Institut für terrestrische Okologie, Grabenstrasse 3, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.
Environ Pollut. 1996;94(2):205-15. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(96)00060-7.
The soil of some 50 km(2) around the town of Weinfelden in north-east Switzerland has been sampled and analysed to estimate and map the concentrations of heavy metals before an incinerator for the canton's waste is built. Given that the estimates are subject to error, the probabilities that true values exceed the maximum tolerable concentrations of the Swiss federal guide have also been estimated by disjunctive kriging. These may now be used by the local planners for making decisions. Of the metals examined, lead exceeded the guide value at several sampling points, and a moderate probability of excess of lead is fairly widespread. Copper exceeded the guide value in vineyards and orchards, but also in a few places elsewhere, and the estimated probabilities of excess were not negligible. The other two metals of concern, cadmium (with one exception) and zinc, had concentrations much less than the guide values. The patterns of distribution of the four metals were similar, the product-moment correlations among them are substantial, except in the vineyards and orchards, and it seems likely that they had common sources.
在瑞士东北部温费尔德镇周围约50平方公里的土壤进行了采样和分析，以便在该州的垃圾焚烧厂建设之前估计并绘制重金属浓度图。鉴于这些估计存在误差，还通过析取克里格法估计了真实值超过瑞士联邦指南最大容许浓度的概率。当地规划者现在可以利用这些概率来做出决策。在所检测的金属中，铅在几个采样点超过了指南值，并且铅超标概率适中的情况相当普遍。铜在葡萄园和果园中超过了指南值，在其他一些地方也有超标情况，并且估计的超标概率不可忽视。另外两种受关注的金属，镉（有一个例外）和锌，其浓度远低于指南值。这四种金属的分布模式相似，除了葡萄园和果园外，它们之间的积矩相关性很强，而且它们似乎有共同的来源。
