Kimura Akiko C, Reddy Vasudha, Marcus Ruthanne, Cieslak Paul R, Mohle-Boetani Janet C, Kassenborg Heidi D, Segler Suzanne D, Hardnett Felicia P, Barrett Timothy, Swerdlow David L
Biostatistics and Information Management Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Disease, National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Apr 15;38 Suppl 3:S244-52. doi: 10.1086/381576.
The sources of sporadic Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (SE) infections in the United States are unclear. To determine risk factors for sporadic SE infection, we conducted a population-based case-control study in 5 Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network surveillance areas. During the 12-month study, 396 cases of SE infection were ascertained. Among the 182 case patients and 345 controls, SE infection was univariately associated with international travel (matched odds ratio [MOR], 61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8-447), eating undercooked eggs (MOR, 2.2; 95%CI, 1-5), and eating chicken prepared outside of the home (MOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3-3.4). Multivariate analysis revealed that eating chicken outside of the home remained the only significant risk factor for illness (MOR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.6). Chicken consumption has not previously been identified in the United States as a risk factor for SE infection. Measures to prevent SE infections include educating consumers and food handlers about food safety and interventions to decrease contamination of eggs and poultry.
美国散发性肠炎沙门氏菌肠炎血清型（SE）感染的来源尚不清楚。为了确定散发性SE感染的风险因素，我们在5个食源性疾病主动监测网络监测地区开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究。在为期12个月的研究中，共确诊了396例SE感染病例。在182例病例患者和345例对照中，SE感染与国际旅行（配对比值比[MOR]，61；95%置信区间[CI]，8 - 447）、食用未煮熟的鸡蛋（MOR，2.2；95%CI，1 - 5）以及食用家庭外烹制的鸡肉（MOR，2.2；95%CI，1.3 - 3.4）单因素相关。多变量分析显示，食用家庭外烹制的鸡肉仍然是患病的唯一显著风险因素（MOR，2.0；95%CI，1.1 - 3.6）。此前在美国，鸡肉消费尚未被确定为SE感染的风险因素。预防SE感染的措施包括对消费者和食品处理人员进行食品安全教育，以及采取干预措施减少鸡蛋和家禽的污染。
