Stenzelius Karin, Mattiasson Anders, Hallberg Ingalill Rahm, Westergren Albert
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, PO Box 157, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2004;23(3):211-22. doi: 10.1002/nau.20030.
The aim was to investigate the prevalence of self-reported symptom of urinary, faecal, and double incontinence (UI, FI, and DI) in men and women 75+ and to identify how other health complaints and Quality of Life (QoL) relate to incontinence symptoms.
A randomised sample, stratified for age, of eligible men and women from the population were included in the study and 4,277 out of 8,500 completed a postal questionnaire (61.6% women). The questions focused on difficulties in controlling urine and faeces, other health complaints, socio-economic background, and social relations.
Among all respondents 39% reported symptom of UI (more so among women P < 0.001), symptom of FI in 16.9% (ns between sexes), DI, i.e., a combination of UI and FI, was reported among 14.5% (ns between sexes). Incontinence increased with age, and persons reporting incontinence also had significantly more of all other health complaints compared with persons without incontinence. Those reporting DI comprised an especially vulnerable group. Health complaints associated with UI were communicative and mobility problems, other urinary complaints, dizziness, cough, and fatigue. FI was associated with diarrhoea, stomach pain, fatigue, and other pain. Risk factors for DI were diarrhoea, communication, and mobility problems.
UI and FI were common among elderly men and women and increased with age. Furthermore, incontinence was associated with many other co-existing health complaints, and the most frail were those with DI.
本研究旨在调查75岁及以上男性和女性中自我报告的尿失禁、大便失禁和双重失禁（UI、FI和DI）症状的患病率，并确定其他健康问题和生活质量（QoL）与失禁症状之间的关系。
从符合条件的人群中随机抽取样本，按年龄分层，纳入研究的男性和女性有8500名，其中4277名完成了邮寄问卷调查（女性占61.6%）。问题集中在控制尿液和大便的困难、其他健康问题、社会经济背景和社会关系上。
在所有受访者中，39%报告有尿失禁症状（女性中更为常见，P<0.001），16.9%报告有大便失禁症状（男女之间无显著差异），14.5%报告有双重失禁，即尿失禁和大便失禁的组合（男女之间无显著差异）。失禁患病率随年龄增长而增加，与无失禁者相比，报告有失禁症状的人同时出现其他健康问题的比例也显著更高。报告有双重失禁的人构成了一个特别脆弱的群体。与尿失禁相关的健康问题包括沟通和行动问题、其他泌尿系统问题、头晕、咳嗽和疲劳。大便失禁与腹泻、胃痛、疲劳和其他疼痛有关。双重失禁的危险因素是腹泻、沟通和行动问题。
尿失禁和大便失禁在老年男性和女性中很常见，且随年龄增长而增加。此外，失禁与许多其他并存的健康问题有关，最脆弱的是那些有双重失禁的人。
