大量饮酒、暴饮以及酒精中毒家族史对脑区代谢物的影响。
Effects of heavy drinking, binge drinking, and family history of alcoholism on regional brain metabolites.
作者信息
Meyerhoff D J, Blumenfeld R, Truran D, Lindgren J, Flenniken D, Cardenas V, Chao L L, Rothlind J, Studholme C, Weiner M W
机构信息
Department of Radiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
出版信息
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2004 Apr;28(4):650-61. doi: 10.1097/01.alc.0000121805.12350.ca.
BACKGROUND
The main goals are to investigate the effects of chronic active heavy drinking on N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and other metabolites throughout the brain and to determine whether they are affected by family history (FH) of alcoholism and long-term drinking pattern.
METHODS
Forty-six chronic heavy drinkers (HD) and 52 light drinkers (LD) were recruited from the community and compared on measures of regional brain structure using magnetic resonance imaging and measures of common brain metabolites in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) of the major lobes, subcortical nuclei, brainstem, and cerebellum using short-echo time magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Regional atrophy-corrected levels of NAA, myoinositol (mI), creatine, and choline-containing metabolites were compared as a function of group, FH of alcoholism, and bingeing.
RESULTS
Frontal WM NAA was lower in FH-negative HD than FH-positive HD and tended to be lower in women than men. Creatine-containing metabolites in parietal GM were higher in HD than LD. FH-negative compared with FH-positive HD also had more mI in the brainstem and tended to have lower NAA and more mI in frontal GM. Although parietal GM NAA was not significantly lower in HD than LD, it was lower in non-binge drinkers than bingers. Frontal WM NAA was lower in HD than LD, with the difference driven by a small number of women, FH-negative HD, and older age. Lower frontal WM NAA in HD was associated with lower executive and working memory functions and with lower P3b amplitudes at frontal electrodes.
CONCLUSIONS
Community-dwelling HD who are not in alcoholism treatment have brain metabolite changes that are associated with lower brain function and are likely of behavioral significance. Age, FH, and binge drinking modulate brain metabolite abnormalities. Metabolite changes in active HD are less pronounced and present with a different spatial and metabolite pattern than reported in abstinent alcoholics.
背景
主要目标是研究长期大量饮酒对全脑N - 乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）及其他代谢物的影响，并确定它们是否受酒精中毒家族史（FH）和长期饮酒模式的影响。
方法
从社区招募了46名慢性重度饮酒者（HD）和52名轻度饮酒者（LD），使用磁共振成像比较区域脑结构指标，并使用短回波时间磁共振波谱成像比较主要脑叶、皮层下核、脑干和小脑灰质（GM）和白质（WM）中常见脑代谢物的指标。比较经区域萎缩校正后的NAA、肌醇（mI）、肌酸和含胆碱代谢物水平与组别、酒精中毒家族史及暴饮情况的关系。
结果
FH阴性的HD患者额叶WM中的NAA低于FH阳性的HD患者，且女性往往低于男性。HD患者顶叶GM中含肌酸的代谢物高于LD患者。与FH阳性的HD患者相比，FH阴性的HD患者脑干中的mI更多，额叶GM中的NAA往往更低且mI更多。虽然HD患者顶叶GM中的NAA并不显著低于LD患者，但非暴饮者低于暴饮者。HD患者额叶WM中的NAA低于LD患者，这种差异由少数女性、FH阴性的HD患者和年龄较大者驱动。HD患者较低的额叶WM中的NAA与较低的执行和工作记忆功能以及额叶电极处较低的P3b波幅相关。
结论
未接受酒精中毒治疗的社区居住HD患者存在与较低脑功能相关的脑代谢物变化，且可能具有行为学意义。年龄、FH和暴饮会调节脑代谢物异常。活跃HD患者的代谢物变化不如戒酒的酒精中毒者报道的那样明显，且呈现出不同的空间和代谢物模式。
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