Cardenas Valerie A, Studholme Colin, Meyerhoff Dieter J, Song Enmin, Weiner Michael W
University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco CA 94121, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2005 Feb 28;138(2):115-30. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.01.002.
The goals of this study were to measure if chronic active heavy drinking is associated with brain volume loss in non-treatment seeking men and women, and to assess the effect of positive family history of problem drinking on brain structure in heavy drinkers. Automated image processing was used to analyze high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance images from 49 active heavy drinkers and 49 age- and sex-matched light drinkers, yielding gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes within the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. Regional brain volume measures were compared as a function of group, sex and their interaction. Within heavy drinkers, volumes were correlated with measures of alcohol consumption and compared as a function of family history of problem drinking. Deformation morphometry explored localized patterns of atrophy associated with heavy drinking or severity of drinking. We found significant gray matter volume losses, but no white matter losses, in active heavy drinkers compared with light drinkers. Women had greater gray matter and smaller white matter and CSF volumes as a percentage of intracranial vault than men. Within heavy drinkers, smaller gray matter volumes were associated with higher current levels of drinking and older age, while a positive family history of problem drinking was associated with smaller CSF volumes. Community-dwelling heavy drinkers who are not in alcoholism treatment have dose-related gray matter volume losses, and family history of problem drinking ameliorates some structural consequences of heavy drinking.
本研究的目的是衡量慢性重度饮酒是否与未寻求治疗的男性和女性的脑容量损失相关，并评估饮酒问题的阳性家族史对重度饮酒者脑结构的影响。使用自动图像处理技术分析了49名重度饮酒者和49名年龄和性别匹配的轻度饮酒者的高分辨率T1加权磁共振图像，得出额叶、颞叶、顶叶和枕叶内的灰质、白质和脑脊液（CSF）体积。将区域脑容量测量结果作为组、性别及其相互作用的函数进行比较。在重度饮酒者中，将体积与酒精摄入量的测量值进行相关性分析，并作为饮酒问题家族史的函数进行比较。变形形态测量法探索了与重度饮酒或饮酒严重程度相关的局部萎缩模式。我们发现，与轻度饮酒者相比，重度饮酒者存在显著的灰质体积损失，但白质无损失。女性的灰质体积占颅腔的百分比高于男性，而白质和脑脊液体积占颅腔的百分比低于男性。在重度饮酒者中，较小的灰质体积与当前较高的饮酒水平和较高年龄相关，而饮酒问题的阳性家族史与较小的脑脊液体积相关。未接受酒精中毒治疗的社区居住重度饮酒者存在与剂量相关的灰质体积损失，饮酒问题家族史可改善重度饮酒的一些结构后果。
