Witteveldt Jeroen, Vlak Just M, van Hulten Mariëlle C W
Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2004 May;16(5):571-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2003.09.006.
Although invertebrates lack a true adaptive immune response, the potential to vaccinate Penaeus monodon shrimp against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) using the WSSV envelope proteins VP19 and VP28 was evaluated. Both structural WSSV proteins were N-terminally fused to the maltose binding protein (MBP) and purified after expression in bacteria. Shrimp were vaccinated by intramuscular injection of the purified WSSV proteins and challenged 2 and 25 days after vaccination to assess the onset and duration of protection. As controls, purified MBP- and mock-vaccinated shrimp were included. VP19-vaccinated shrimp showed a significantly better survival (p<0.05) as compared to the MBP-vaccinated control shrimp with a relative percent survival (RPS) of 33% and 57% at 2 and 25 days after vaccination, respectively. Also, the groups vaccinated with VP28 and a mixture of VP19 and VP28 showed a significantly better survival when challenged two days after vaccination (RPS of 44% and 33%, respectively), but not after 25 days. These results show that protection can be generated in shrimp against WSSV using its structural proteins as a subunit vaccine. This suggests that the shrimp immune system is able to specifically recognize and react to proteins. This study further shows that vaccination of shrimp may be possible despite the absence of a true adaptive immune system, opening the way to new strategies to control viral diseases in shrimp and other crustaceans.
尽管无脊椎动物缺乏真正的适应性免疫反应，但仍评估了使用白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）包膜蛋白VP19和VP28对斑节对虾进行疫苗接种以抵抗该病毒的潜力。这两种WSSV结构蛋白均在N端与麦芽糖结合蛋白（MBP）融合，并在细菌中表达后进行纯化。通过肌肉注射纯化的WSSV蛋白对虾进行疫苗接种，并在接种后2天和25天进行攻毒，以评估保护作用的起始和持续时间。作为对照，纳入了纯化的MBP疫苗接种组和假疫苗接种组的虾。与接种MBP的对照虾相比，接种VP19的虾的存活率显著更高（p<0.05），在接种后2天和25天的相对存活率（RPS）分别为33%和57%。此外，接种VP28以及VP19和VP28混合物的组在接种后2天攻毒时显示出显著更高的存活率（RPS分别为44%和33%），但在25天后则不然。这些结果表明，使用WSSV结构蛋白作为亚单位疫苗可以使虾产生针对该病毒的保护作用。这表明虾的免疫系统能够特异性识别蛋白质并对其作出反应。这项研究进一步表明，尽管虾缺乏真正的适应性免疫系统，但对其进行疫苗接种仍是可能的，这为控制虾及其他甲壳类动物的病毒性疾病开辟了新策略。
