大学生运动员使用营养补充剂的情况及其信息来源。
Nutritional supplement use among college athletes and their sources of information.
作者信息
Froiland Kathryn, Koszewski Wanda, Hingst Joshua, Kopecky Lisa
机构信息
Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0806, USA.
出版信息
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2004 Feb;14(1):104-20. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.14.1.104.
A survey was conducted to examine the source of information and usage of nutritional supplements in 115 male and 88 female varsity athletes at a Division I university. The survey asked each athlete to define supplement, and report supplement use and type, source of information, and reasons for use. Supplement use frequencies were determined, and comparisons were made between gender and sport. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects had or were currently using nutritional supplements. Many athletes did not consider sports drinks and calorie replacement products as supplements. Females were more likely to take calcium and multivitamins, and males had significant intake for ginseng, amino acids, glutamine, hydroxy-methyl-buterate (HMB), weight gainers, whey protein, and Juven. The most frequently used supplements overall were energy drinks (73%), calorie replacement products of all types (61.4%), multivitamin (47.3%), creatine (37.2%), and vitamin C (32.4%). There was also significant supplement use noted per sport. Females were more likely to obtain information from family members regarding supplementation, and males from a store nutritionist, fellow athletes, friends, or a coach. Female athletes were more likely to take supplements for their health or because of an inadequate diet, while men reported taking supplements to improve speed and agility, strength and power, or for weight/muscle gain.
对一所一级大学的115名男大学生运动员和88名女大学生运动员进行了一项调查,以研究营养补充剂的信息来源和使用情况。该调查要求每位运动员定义补充剂,并报告补充剂的使用情况、类型、信息来源和使用原因。确定了补充剂的使用频率,并对性别和运动项目进行了比较。89%的受试者曾经或正在使用营养补充剂。许多运动员不将运动饮料和热量补充产品视为补充剂。女性更有可能服用钙和多种维生素,而男性对人参、氨基酸、谷氨酰胺、羟基甲基丁酸(HMB)、增重剂、乳清蛋白和Juven有大量摄入。总体上最常用的补充剂是能量饮料(73%)、各类热量补充产品(61.4%)、多种维生素(47.3%)、肌酸(37.2%)和维生素C(32.4%)。每个运动项目的补充剂使用情况也有显著差异。女性更有可能从家庭成员那里获得有关补充剂的信息,而男性则从商店营养师、 fellow athletes、朋友或教练那里获得信息。女运动员服用补充剂更多是为了健康或因为饮食不足,而男性则表示服用补充剂是为了提高速度和敏捷性、力量和爆发力,或为了增加体重/肌肉。 (注:“fellow athletes”此处原文有误,推测可能是“队友”之类的意思,暂按字面翻译)