McNaughton Michael, Hunt Danielle, Parmeter Becky, O'Brien Michael, Cook Danielle, Meehan William, Stracciolini Andrea
Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
Sports Health. 2024 Oct 24:19417381241287199. doi: 10.1177/19417381241287199.
Legal performance enhancing substance (PES) use is increasing in young athletes and may lead to banned PES use. This study examines legal PES use and consideration of banned PES use in young athletes with a season-ending injury (SEI) compared to young athletes with non-SEI/no previous injury.
Young athletes sustaining SEI or concussions have increased odds of reporting legal PES use and consideration of banned PES use compared with non-SEI or no injury.
Cross-sectional study.
Level 4.
Cross-sectional study from 2013 to 2020 of athletes aged 6 to 25 years.
No association was found between reporting legal PES use or consideration of banned PES use and young athletes with SEI or concussion compared with no injury/non-SEI. 14% of athletes reported legal PES use and 3% reported consideration of banned PES use. In adjusted analysis, athletes who were male (odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16-1.73; = 0.03), have history of depression (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.26-7.18; = 0.01), weight train (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04-2.65; = 0.03), and believe that athletic ability is influenced by weight (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.08-2.83; = 0.02) had increased odds of reporting legal PES use. Older (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03-1.36; = 0.02) and male (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.02-1.81; < 0.04) athletes had increased odds of consideration of banned PES use.
This study found no increased odds of reported PES use in young athletes with sports-related injury or concussion regardless of injury type or severity. Factors associated with PES use were male sex, age, history of depression, weight training, and belief that weight affects athletic performance.
Risk factors associated with PES use in young athletes are essentially unknown. This study can inform pertinent clinical care, education, and policy implementation.
年轻运动员中合法使用提高运动成绩物质（PES）的情况正在增加，这可能会导致违禁使用PES。本研究调查了与非赛季结束伤病（SEI）/无既往伤病的年轻运动员相比，有赛季结束伤病（SEI）的年轻运动员合法使用PES的情况以及对违禁使用PES的考虑。
与非SEI或无伤病的年轻运动员相比，遭受SEI或脑震荡的年轻运动员报告合法使用PES以及考虑违禁使用PES的几率更高。
横断面研究。
4级。
对2013年至2020年6至25岁的运动员进行横断面研究。
与无伤病/非SEI的年轻运动员相比，报告合法使用PES或考虑违禁使用PES与有SEI或脑震荡的年轻运动员之间未发现关联。14%的运动员报告合法使用PES，3%的运动员报告考虑违禁使用PES。在多因素分析中，男性运动员（优势比[OR]，1.38；95%置信区间[CI]，1.16 - 1.73；P = 0.03）、有抑郁症病史的运动员（OR，3.01；95% CI，1.26 - 7.18；P = 0.01）、进行力量训练的运动员（OR，1.66；95% CI，1.04 - 2.65；P = 0.03）以及认为运动能力受体重影响的运动员（OR，1.75；95% CI，1.08 - 2.83；P = 0.02）报告合法使用PES的几率增加。年龄较大的运动员（OR，1.18；95% CI，1.03 - 1.36；P = 0.02）和男性运动员（OR，1.57；95% CI，1.02 - 1.81；P < 0.04）考虑违禁使用PES的几率增加。
本研究发现，无论损伤类型或严重程度如何，有运动相关伤病或脑震荡的年轻运动员报告使用PES的几率并未增加。与使用PES相关的因素包括男性、年龄、抑郁症病史、力量训练以及认为体重会影响运动表现。
年轻运动员中与使用PES相关的危险因素基本未知。本研究可为相关临床护理、教育和政策实施提供参考。
