运动儿童和青少年的营养：叙事性综述。
Nutrition for Children and Adolescents Who Practice Sport: A Narrative Review.
机构信息
Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy.
Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 22;16(16):2803. doi: 10.3390/nu16162803.
At a developmental age, adequate physical activity is fundamental to overall health and well-being and preventing obesity. Moreover, establishing active behavior can help children and adolescents meet their growth and neurodevelopmental goals. Nutritional requirements vary according to intensity, frequency, and practiced physical activity or sport; therefore, pediatricians should give children and adolescents and their families adequate counseling, avoiding both nutrient deficiencies and excessive or inadequate supplement intake. The focus should be not only on sports performance but also on the child's well-being, growth, and neurodevelopment. Our narrative review aims to discuss the nutritional needs of children and adolescents who practice physical activity, non-competitive sports activity, and elite sports activity while also analyzing the role of food supplements and the risk of eating disorders within this category of subjects.
在发育阶段，足够的身体活动对整体健康和幸福感以及预防肥胖至关重要。此外，养成积极的行为习惯可以帮助儿童和青少年实现他们的生长和神经发育目标。营养需求根据强度、频率和进行的身体活动或运动而有所不同；因此，儿科医生应该为儿童和青少年及其家人提供适当的咨询，避免营养不足和过度或不足的补充剂摄入。重点不仅应放在运动表现上，还应放在儿童的健康、生长和神经发育上。我们的叙述性综述旨在讨论进行身体活动、非竞技性体育活动和精英体育活动的儿童和青少年的营养需求，同时分析食品补充剂在这一类人群中的作用以及饮食失调的风险。
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