Sivaram Sudha, Srikrishnan Aylur K, Latkin Carl A, Johnson Sethulakshmi C, Go Vivian F, Bentley Margaret E, Solomon Suniti, Celentano David D
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2004 Apr;16(2):137-49. doi: 10.1521/aeap.16.2.137.29393.
In 1999, we began a community-based randomized controlled prevention trial in Chennai, which aims to test the efficacy of HIV prevention messages disseminated through members of an individual's social group called community popular opinion leaders, or CPOLs. We targeted patrons of 100 bars or wine shops in the city of Chennai, India. In this article we report on the process of development of an HIV prevention intervention for wine shop patrons. First, we conducted detailed ethnography to understand social norms and CPOL and social network characteristics, including 41 in-depth interviews among wine shop patrons and gatekeepers. Second, we tailored a generic HIV education training manual to appropriately address the needs of Chennai wine shop patrons. Field-testing involved 16 focus groups with wine shop patrons and 12 sessions of participant observations in wine shops. Finally, we piloted the intervention to determine the appropriateness of the training program and its content among wine shop patrons. Our ethnographic data indicated that wine shops are a common meeting place for men. We were able to identify CPOLs influential in these settings and train them to deliver appropriate prevention messages to their close friends and associates. We found that HIV prevention messages in this population need to dispel misperceptions about HIV transmission, provide strategies and skills to adopt and sustain condom use, and target the role of alcohol in sexual behavior. We outline specific lessons we learned in intervention development in this population.
1999年，我们在金奈开展了一项基于社区的随机对照预防试验，旨在测试通过个人社交群体成员（称为社区民意领袖，即CPOL）传播的艾滋病病毒预防信息的效果。我们将印度金奈市100家酒吧或酒馆的顾客作为目标人群。在本文中，我们报告了针对酒馆顾客的艾滋病病毒预防干预措施的开发过程。首先，我们进行了详细的人种志研究，以了解社会规范以及CPOL和社会网络特征，包括对酒馆顾客和把关人进行41次深入访谈。其次，我们对一份通用的艾滋病病毒教育培训手册进行了调整，以适当满足金奈酒馆顾客的需求。实地测试包括与酒馆顾客进行16次焦点小组讨论以及在酒馆进行12次参与观察。最后，我们对干预措施进行了试点，以确定该培训项目及其内容在酒馆顾客中的适用性。我们的人种志数据表明，酒馆是男性常见的聚会场所。我们能够识别在这些场所具有影响力的CPOL，并培训他们向其亲密朋友和同事传递适当的预防信息。我们发现，针对这一人群的艾滋病病毒预防信息需要消除对艾滋病病毒传播的误解，提供采用和坚持使用避孕套的策略和技能，并针对酒精在性行为中的作用。我们概述了在针对这一人群的干预措施开发过程中学到的具体经验教训。
