Stuss Donald T, Anderson Vicki
The Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, 3560 Bathurst St., and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada M6A 2E1.
Brain Cogn. 2004 Jun;55(1):69-83. doi: 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00271-9.
The primary objective in this paper is to present a framework to understand the structure of consciousness. We argue that consciousness has been difficult to define because there are different kinds of consciousness, hierarchically organized, which need to be differentiated. Our framework is based on evidence from adult focal lesion research. The different types of consciousness are associated with distinct brain regions, with the higher levels of consciousness related to self-awareness and theory of mind (both facets of consciousness), with an emphasis on the role of the frontal lobes. The secondary objective is to use this structure to suggest hypotheses about the potential effect of frontal dysfunction at various developmental stages, and including both congenital and acquired brain injury.
本文的主要目标是提出一个理解意识结构的框架。我们认为，意识难以定义，因为存在不同种类的意识，它们呈层次结构组织，需要加以区分。我们的框架基于成人局灶性脑损伤研究的证据。不同类型的意识与不同的脑区相关联，较高层次的意识与自我意识和心理理论（意识的两个方面）相关，重点强调额叶的作用。次要目标是利用这一结构提出关于额叶功能障碍在各个发育阶段（包括先天性和后天性脑损伤）可能产生的影响的假设。
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