3至6岁儿童体重指数影响因素分析：基于富山队列研究的一项研究

Analysis of factors that influence body mass index from ages 3 to 6 years: A study based on the Toyama cohort study.

作者信息

Sugimori Hiroki, Yoshida Katsumi, Izuno Takashi, Miyakawa Michiko, Suka Machi, Sekine Michikazu, Yamagami Takashi, Kagamimori Sadanobu

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine, St. Marianna University, School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

出版信息

Pediatr Int. 2004 Jun;46(3):302-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2004.01895.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2004.01895.x

PMID:15151547

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The aim of the present study was to elucidate both environmental and behavioral factors that influence body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) among Japanese children from ages 3-6.

METHODS

In 1992 (at age 3) and 1995 (at age 6), 8170 6-year-old children (4176 boys and 3994 girls) were surveyed using a questionnaire on both body build (height and weight) and lifestyle. The correlation between BMI for 3-year-olds and for 6-year-olds were analyzed. From the temporal changes of body build between age 3 and 6 years, we categorized children into four groups: group 1, normal at both age 3 years and 6 years (normal/normal); group 2, overweight at age 3 years and normal at age 6 years (overweight/normal); group 3, normal at age 3 years and overweight at age 6 years (normal/overweight); and group 4, overweight at both age 3 years and 6 years (overweight/overweight). The authors compared the four groups with each other according to sex, concerning frequencies of children who matched the categories of environmental and behavioral factors. Each factor was tested using the chi2 test. Overweight children were defined as those whose BMI value was age-sex specific in the 90th percentile or more.

RESULTS

A significant correlation was found between body builds for children aged 3 and 6 years in both genders (boys, r = 0.559, P < 0.01; girls, r = 0.584, P < 0.01). Significant factors associated with overweight children were diet (eating rice, green tea, eggs, meat, but less breads and juice), rapid eating, short sleep duration, early bedtime, long periods of television viewing, avoidance of physical activity, and frequent bowel movement.

DISCUSSION

Temporal changes in BMI from age 3 years to 6 years are significantly associated with both environmental and behavioral factors at age 6 years. The results of this study may be useful for health promotion programs designed to prevent obesity during the early stages of childhood.

摘要

背景

本研究的目的是阐明影响3至6岁日本儿童体重指数（BMI，千克/平方米）的环境和行为因素。

方法

1992年（3岁时）和1995年（6岁时），使用关于身体形态（身高和体重）和生活方式的问卷对8170名6岁儿童（4176名男孩和3994名女孩）进行了调查。分析了3岁儿童和6岁儿童BMI之间的相关性。根据3岁至6岁之间身体形态的时间变化，我们将儿童分为四组：第1组，3岁和6岁时均正常（正常/正常）；第2组，3岁时超重，6岁时正常（超重/正常）；第3组，3岁时正常，6岁时超重（正常/超重）；第4组，3岁和6岁时均超重（超重/超重）。作者根据性别比较了这四组在符合环境和行为因素类别的儿童频率方面的差异。每个因素均使用卡方检验进行检验。超重儿童定义为BMI值处于年龄和性别的第90百分位数或更高的儿童。

结果

在两个性别中，3岁和6岁儿童的身体形态之间均存在显著相关性（男孩，r = 0.559，P < 0.01；女孩，r = 0.584，P < 0.01）。与超重儿童相关的显著因素包括饮食（吃米饭、绿茶、鸡蛋、肉类，但少吃面包和果汁）、进食快、睡眠时间短、就寝时间早、看电视时间长、避免体育活动以及排便频繁。