Mohd Yusoff Hanizah, Heng Pei Pei, Hj Illias Mohamad Ridza, Karrupayah Saravanan, Fadhli Mohd Anis, Hod Rozita
Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
MKRS Training Institute, Malaysian Scaffold Academy, Bangi Hub Suntrack Industrial Park, 43650, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 23;10(15):e34599. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34599. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Most construction mishaps were caused by scaffolding incidents despite implementing various safety measures, and the association with human factors like fatigue has been widely reported. This study aims to identify all high-risk task sequences involved during the erection of the most commonly used scaffold; the deviation from the standard protocol led to a substandard fatigue state, followed by content validation using the Fuzzy Delphi Method.
Qualitative exploration was conducted via focal group discussions (FGDs) involving 30 certified experts. The findings generated from FGDs were further validated by utilising the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) by consulting 19 experts with extensive practical experience and leadership roles in scaffolding safety.
The FGDs identified a total of 7 constructs and 50 items for task sequences involved in the tubular scaffold erection, namely construct Instruction (3 items), Preparation (3 items), Foundation (10 items), First Lift (8 items), Working Platform (7 items), Guardrails (5 items) and Second Lift (14 items). In the FDM validation process, the experts' consensus for each construct was fulfilled with a threshold value (d) ≤ 0.2; thus, all constructs were accepted. Experts' consensus for all items achieved an expert agreement of 75 % and above. Items ranking was conducted using average fuzzy numbers. The highest average fuzzy number documented was 0.8, while the lowest was 0.588. None of the items with the lowest ranking was discarded as all items perfectly fulfilled the second prerequisite and obtained excellent experts' agreement.
The tool generated will help guide the development of a protocol for scaffolding safety management.
尽管实施了各种安全措施，但大多数建筑事故是由脚手架事故引起的，并且与疲劳等人为因素的关联已被广泛报道。本研究旨在识别最常用脚手架搭建过程中涉及的所有高风险任务序列；与标准协议的偏差导致了不合格的疲劳状态，随后使用模糊德尔菲法进行内容验证。
通过涉及30名认证专家的焦点小组讨论（FGD）进行定性探索。通过咨询19名在脚手架安全方面具有丰富实践经验和领导作用的专家，利用模糊德尔菲法（FDM）进一步验证FGD产生的结果。
FGD识别出了钢管脚手架搭建任务序列中的总共7个构建体和50个项目，即构建体“指令”（3项）、“准备”（3项）、“基础”（10项）、“首次提升”（8项）、“工作平台”（7项）、“护栏”（5项）和“二次提升”（14项）。在FDM验证过程中，每个构建体的专家共识在阈值（d）≤0.2时达成；因此，所有构建体均被接受。所有项目的专家共识达到了75%及以上的专家认可度。使用平均模糊数进行项目排名。记录的最高平均模糊数为0.8，最低为0.588。排名最低的项目均未被舍弃，因为所有项目都完全满足第二个前提条件并获得了专家的高度认可。
生成的工具将有助于指导脚手架安全管理协议的制定。
