Clasen Thomas F, Brown Joseph, Collin Simon, Suntura Oscar, Cairncross Sandy
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004 Jun;70(6):651-7.
Ceramic water filters have been identified as one of the most promising and accessible technologies for treating water at the household level. In a six-month trial, water filters were distributed randomly to half of the 50 participating households in a rural community in Bolivia; the remaining households continued to use customary water handling practices and served as controls. In four rounds of sampling following distribution of the filters, 100% of the 96 water samples from the filter households were free of thermotolerant coliforms compared with 15.5% of the control household samples. Diarrheal disease risk for individuals in intervention households was 70% lower than for controls (95% confidence interval [CI] = 53-80%; P < 0.001). For children less than five years old, the reduction in risk was 83% (95% CI = 51-94%; P < 0.001). These results show that affordable ceramic water filters enable low-income households to treat and maintain the microbiologic quality of their drinking water.
陶瓷水过滤器已被视为家庭层面最具前景且最易获取的水处理技术之一。在一项为期六个月的试验中，水过滤器被随机分发给玻利维亚一个农村社区50户参与家庭中的一半；其余家庭继续采用传统的水处理方式并作为对照。在过滤器分发后的四轮抽样中，来自使用过滤器家庭的96份水样中有100%未检出耐热大肠菌群，而对照家庭样本的这一比例为15.5%。干预家庭中个体患腹泻病的风险比对照家庭低70%（95%置信区间[CI]=53 - 80%；P<0.001）。对于五岁以下儿童，风险降低了83%（95%CI = 51 - 94%；P<0.001）。这些结果表明，价格实惠的陶瓷水过滤器能让低收入家庭处理并维持其饮用水的微生物质量。
