Zhdanova Irina V
Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 715 Albany Street R-913, Boston MA 02118, USA.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004 Jul;5(7):1573-9. doi: 10.1517/14656566.5.7.1573.
Insomnia is a prevalent disorder, altering night time sleep, daytime mood and performance. Current treatment strategies, used separately or in combination, include pharmacological, circadian, behavioural and cognitive therapy. An increased diversity of available hypnotics with different potency, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles and improved side effect profiles provides more flexibility in designing individual treatment strategies. Melatonin, a pineal hormone with acute sleep-promoting and chronobiotic properties, allows additional possibilities in treating insomnia and circadian sleep disorders. Current studies of processes involved in normal sleep regulation and pathophysiology of insomnia should result in the development of new medications based on physiological mechanisms of sleep.
失眠是一种常见的疾病，会改变夜间睡眠、日间情绪和表现。目前单独或联合使用的治疗策略包括药物治疗、昼夜节律治疗、行为治疗和认知治疗。现有催眠药种类日益增多，其效力、药效学和药代动力学特性各异，副作用也有所改善，这为制定个性化治疗策略提供了更大的灵活性。褪黑素是一种具有促进睡眠和调节生物钟特性的松果体激素，为治疗失眠和昼夜节律性睡眠障碍提供了更多可能性。目前对正常睡眠调节过程和失眠病理生理学的研究应能催生出基于睡眠生理机制的新型药物。
