Yang Chien-Ming, Spielman Arthur J, Huang Yu-Shu
National Chengchi University, Department of Psychology, 64 Chi-Nan Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, Taiwan 116.
Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2005 Sep;7(5):373-86. doi: 10.1007/s11940-005-0030-2.
The pathogenesis of insomnia in an individual usually is multifaceted. Effective treatments require a thorough evaluation to determine the factors that need to be addressed. Pharmacologic treatments generally are safe and effective for short-term use. Long-term hypnotic use remains controversial because of the potential risk of tolerance and dependency. Various cognitive and behavioral treatments for insomnia have been shown to be effective in the management of insomnia. For long-term follow-up, multicomponent cognitive behavioral therapy, alone or in combination with hypnotic use, has been shown to be superior to hypnotic use alone.
个体失眠的发病机制通常是多方面的。有效的治疗需要进行全面评估以确定需要解决的因素。药物治疗短期使用一般是安全有效的。由于存在耐受性和依赖性的潜在风险，长期使用催眠药物仍存在争议。各种失眠的认知和行为治疗已被证明在失眠管理中有效。对于长期随访，多成分认知行为疗法单独使用或与催眠药物联合使用已被证明优于单独使用催眠药物。
