Haddock C Keith, Lando Harry, Klesges Robert C, Peterson Alan L, Scarinci Isabel C
Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2004 Jul;27(1):35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.03.010.
This study examined beliefs about potential risk-reduction strategies for tobacco users among a large group of young adults. Strategies examined included switching to low-yield cigarettes, replacing cigarettes with cigars, switching from cigarettes to smokeless tobacco, adopting a healthy diet, and engaging in regular exercise.
One-year longitudinal survey of 36,012 young adults (mean 20.1 years) entering the U.S. Air Force from October 1999 to September 2000.
Smokers generally rated the strategies as providing more risk-reduction potential than never smokers or ex-smokers, although the group differences were small. Diet, exercise, and switching to low-yield cigarettes were rated as providing the most health benefits, regardless of smoking status. Smokers who had either changed their diet or exercise to lower their risks from smoking had significantly lower perceived personal risk of developing a tobacco-related disease than other smokers. Smokers who believed that switching to smokeless tobacco would lower the health risks associated with smoking were more likely, while smokers reporting switching to low-yield cigarettes were significant less likely, to quit during a 1-year follow-up period.
Beliefs about the risk-reduction benefits of both changes in tobacco use and health behaviors may impact tobacco use attitudes and practices.
本研究调查了一大群年轻人对于烟草使用者潜在风险降低策略的看法。所研究的策略包括改用低焦油香烟、用雪茄替代香烟、从吸烟改为使用无烟烟草、采用健康饮食以及定期锻炼。
对1999年10月至2000年9月期间进入美国空军的36012名年轻人（平均年龄20.1岁）进行为期一年的纵向调查。
吸烟者通常认为这些策略比从不吸烟者或已戒烟者具有更大的降低风险潜力，尽管组间差异较小。无论吸烟状况如何，饮食、锻炼和改用低焦油香烟被认为带来的健康益处最大。那些通过改变饮食或锻炼来降低吸烟风险的吸烟者，其认为自己患烟草相关疾病的个人风险显著低于其他吸烟者。在为期1年的随访期内，那些认为改用无烟烟草会降低吸烟相关健康风险的吸烟者更有可能戒烟，而那些报告改用低焦油香烟的吸烟者戒烟的可能性则显著降低。
对于烟草使用变化和健康行为降低风险益处的看法可能会影响烟草使用态度和行为。
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