Kryger M H
Sleep Laboratory, St. Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Clin Chest Med. 1992 Sep;13(3):481-92.
Although the indications for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea are controversial, there is general agreement that treatment is warranted in patients with a combined apnea and hypopnea frequency of 20 events per hour of sleep. General therapeutic measures include abstinence from alcohol and weight loss in obese patients. A minority of patients with specific abnormalities of the nose, pharynx, or jaw may require surgical management. In the absence of specific upper airway abnormalities, the most effective treatment is nasal continuous positive airway pressure or, if necessary, bilevel positive airway pressure during sleep. The role of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty remains controversial, due in part to the reported variability in long-term efficacy of this procedure. Drug therapy may be effective in selected patients.
尽管阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗指征存在争议，但对于睡眠中呼吸暂停和低通气合并频率每小时达20次的患者，普遍认为有必要进行治疗。一般治疗措施包括肥胖患者戒酒和减重。少数鼻腔、咽部或颌部有特定异常的患者可能需要手术治疗。在没有特定上气道异常的情况下，最有效的治疗方法是睡眠期间鼻持续气道正压通气，必要时采用双水平气道正压通气。悬雍垂腭咽成形术的作用仍存在争议，部分原因是该手术长期疗效的报道存在差异。药物治疗对部分患者可能有效。
